| 马文军,林巧绚,林华亮,刘涛,曾韦霖,肖建鹏,李杏,罗圆.老年人高温热浪健康教育干预效果混合效应模型分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(9):1228-1232 |
| 老年人高温热浪健康教育干预效果混合效应模型分析 |
| Effectiveness of health education about heat wave hazard prevention in the elderly: a mixed effect model analysis |
| 收稿日期:2016-03-22 出版日期:2016-09-14 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.09.009 |
| 中文关键词: 热浪 老年人 健康教育 混合效应模型 |
| 英文关键词: Heat wave Elderly Health education Mixed effect model |
| 基金项目:广东省医学科学技术研究基金（B2014089） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 评价对老年人开展预防高温热浪健康教育的效果。方法 采用类随机对照试验，从广州市番禺区市桥街28个社区随机抽取2个社区，然后将抽取的社区随机分为对照组和干预组，以≥60岁常住居民为研究对象。干预组采用8种健康教育方式在夏季进行3个月热浪干预，对照组不采取任何干预措施。干预前后两组均采用相同问卷收集信息进行效果评价。采用混合效应模型进行数据分析。结果 控制家庭人均月收入、安装空调、饮酒、基础疾病史和时间效应后，干预组热浪风险感知平均得分升高1.62分，对照组升高0.51分，两组差异有统计学意义（t=2.76，P=0.006）；干预措施的效果也体现在两组因慢性病入院的差异上，干预组最近3个月因慢性病加重去过医院住院或就诊由干预前32.39%（46/142）下降至干预后28.87%（41/142），对照组由干预前26.28%（41/156）上升至干预后的36.53%（57/156）；热浪知识得分、热浪适应性行为得分两组差异无统计学意义。结论 健康教育能增强老年人对热浪的健康风险感知，可有效降低老年人群在热浪期间因慢性病加重而引起的就诊住院。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health education about prevention of heat wave hazard in the elderly. Methods A non-randomized controlled trial was conducted during the summer of 2015 among a sample of residents aged ≥60 years in Panyu district, Guangzhou. Eight intervention measures for heat wave hazard prevention were taken in intervention group for 3 months (from August to October) and in control group no intervention measures were taken. The comparison of intervention effects was conducted between the intervention group and control group with mixed effect model after the collection of related information with same questionnaire. Results After adjusting of family per capita income, family air-condition availability, alcohol use, disease history and time, the average score of risk awareness in the intervention group increased by 1.62, while it was 0.51 in the control group, the difference was significant (t=2.76, P=0.006). A significant effect was observed in the intervention group on the reduction of hospitalizations due to chronic diseases. The hospitalization rate due to chronic diseases in resent 3 months in the intervention group decreased from 32.39% (46/142) before intervention to 28.87% (41/142) after intervention; while in the control group, it increased from 26.28% (41/156) before intervention to 36.53% (57/156) after intervention. There was no significant difference between the two groups in awareness of knowledge on heat wave hazard prevention and the score of adaptation to heat wave. Conclusion Health education programs could improve the risk awareness on heat waves, and reduce the hospitalizations due to chronic diseases in the elderly. |
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