| 杨柳,高欣,金叶,叶鹏鹏,汪媛,邓晓,耳玉亮,申涛,段蕾蕾.2006-2015年全国伤害监测系统中儿童暴力病例变化趋势及现况特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(9):1222-1225 |
| 2006-2015年全国伤害监测系统中儿童暴力病例变化趋势及现况特征分析 |
| Current status and change trend of violence against children in China from 2006 to 2015, an analysis on data from National Injury Surveillance System |
| 收稿日期:2017-02-20 出版日期:2017-09-09 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.09.016 |
| 中文关键词: 暴力 儿童 监测 |
| 英文关键词: Violence Child Surveillance |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 3252 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解中国儿童暴力门/急诊病例变化趋势及现况特征，为探索儿童暴力危险因素、确定干预优先领域、制定相关干预措施和政策提供依据。方法 利用2006-2015年全国伤害监测系统（NISS）监测数据，对儿童暴力门/急诊病例的变化趋势及人口学、暴力事件和临床等现况特征进行分析。结果 2006-2015年NISS共收集儿童暴力病例44 319例，儿童暴力病例数占儿童伤害总病例数的比例逐年下降。2015年儿童暴力病例中，男童占81.31%，儿童暴力病例占儿童伤害病例比例的男女比为2.22：1；儿童暴力原因为钝器伤病例占65.69%；儿童暴力病例数在2月和7-8月出现两次降低；48.87%的暴力发生在学校和公共场所；伤害性质63.52%为挫伤/擦伤，伤害部位51.18%为头部，轻伤病例占82.66%，伤者83.21%的就医结局为治疗后回家。结论 我国儿童暴力问题不容忽视，应重点关注中学男童，加强健康教育，建设安全校园，防止校园暴力的发生，提高儿童自我保护意识，减少严重暴力的发生。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the current status and change trend of violence against children in China and provide evidence for the risk factor and intervention priority identifications and intervention strategy development. Methods The data of National Injury Surveillance System (NISS) from 2006 to 2015 were used to analyze the change in outpatient visit due to violence against children, injury cases' demographic characteristics, incidence of injury and clinical outcomes of injury cases. Results A total of 44 319 injury cases caused by violence against children were reported through NISS during this period. The proportion of violence related child injury cases in total child injury cases decreased year by year. In child violence cases reported in 2015, boys accounted for 81.31%, the boy to girl ratio was 2.22:1. Violence related injuries caused by blunt strike accounted for 65.69%. The incidences of child violence were low in February and during July-August and 48.87% of violence related injuries occurred in schools and public places, bruise accounted for 63.52%. The main injured body part caused by child violence was head (51.18%), and most violence caused injuries (82.66%) were mild, while 83.21% of the injury cases went home after treatment. Conclusions Violence against children should not be ignored. Male students of middle/high schools are at high risk. Schools are the places where violence against children is prone to occur. Health and safety education should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence of campus violence and improve the child's awareness of self-protection and reduce the incidence of serious violence. |
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