| 祝楠波,周密,余灿清,郭彧,卞铮,谭云龙,裴培,陈君石,陈铮鸣,吕筠,李立明.中国成年人健康生活方式状况分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2019,40(2):136-141 |
| 中国成年人健康生活方式状况分析 |
| Prevalence of ‘healthy lifestyle’ in Chinese adults |
| 收稿日期:2018-05-18 出版日期:2019-01-31 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.02.003 |
| 中文关键词: 健康生活方式 慢性病 人群分布 地区分布 |
| 英文关键词: Healthy lifestyle Chronic disease Population distribution Regional distribution |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划精准医学研究重点专项（2016YFC0900500，2016YFC0900501，2016YFC0900504）；国家自然科学基金（81390540，81390544，81390541）；香港Kadoorie Charitable基金；英国Wellcome Trust（202922/Z/16/Z，088158/Z/09/Z，104085/Z/14/Z） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 祝楠波 | 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191 | | | 周密 | 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191 | | | 余灿清 | 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191 | | | 郭彧 | 中国医学科学院, 北京 100730 | | | 卞铮 | 中国医学科学院, 北京 100730 | | | 谭云龙 | 中国医学科学院, 北京 100730 | | | 裴培 | 中国医学科学院, 北京 100730 | | | 陈君石 | 国家食品安全风险评估中心, 北京 100022 | | | 陈铮鸣 | 英国牛津大学临床与流行病学研究中心纳菲尔德人群健康系, OX3 7LF | | | 吕筠 | 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191 | lvjun@bjmu.edu.cn | | 李立明 | 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 描述中国慢性病前瞻性研究（CKB）队列人群的健康生活方式状况及其三间分布。方法 CKB项目于2004-2008年在全国10个地区募集30~79岁队列成员并完成基线调查，于2013-2014年随机抽取5%的队列成员进行了第2次重复调查。本研究剔除调查当时自报患有冠心病、脑卒中和恶性肿瘤的个体，分别纳入参加基线和重复调查的487 198名和22 604名研究对象。健康的生活方式定义为当前不吸烟、不过量饮酒、健康的饮食习惯、积极体力活动、BMI 18.5~23.9 kg/m2、腰围男性 < 85 cm/女性 < 80 cm；每符合一项计1分，合计即为健康生活方式得分，分值范围为0~6分。结果 基线调查时，上述健康生活方式因素（除积极体力活动外）的比例依次为70.6%、92.6%、8.7%、52.6%和59.0%。全部研究对象的健康生活方式得分均值为（3.1±1.2）分，81.4%的研究对象同时具有2~4项健康的生活方式因素，6种生活方式因素均健康的比例为0.7%。女性、较年轻者、农村人群和高文化程度者的生活方式相对更健康；相比于城乡差异，项目地区间的差异更加明显。利用重复调查数据发现，随着年龄增长，人群总体的健康生活方式水平略有下降。结论 成年人群中多种慢性病相关生活方式均健康的比例极低，健康生活方式水平存在人群和地区差异。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To examine the prevalence of ‘healthy lifestyle’ from data extracted from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) of 0.5 million adults from ten areas across China. Methods After excluding participants with self-reported histories of coronary heart disease, stroke or cancer, a total of 487 198 participants at baseline (2004-2008) and 22 604 participants at second survey (2013-2014), were included for analysis. ‘Healthy lifestyle’ was defined as haing the following characteristics:a) never smoking or having stopped smoking for reasons other than illness; b) alcohol drinking < 25 g/day (men)/< 15 g/day (women); c) diet rich in vegetables, fruits, legumes and fish, but low in red meat; d) upper quarter of the physical activity level; e) body mass index of 18.5-23.9 kg/m2 and waist circumstance < 85 cm (men)/80 cm (women). We calculated the healthy lifestyle scores (HLS) by counting the number of all the healthy lifestyle factors, with a range from 0 to 6. Results At baseline, prevalence rates of the above five healthy lifestyles (except physical activity) were 70.6%, 92.6%, 8.7%, 52.6% and 59.0%, respectively, with the mean HLS being 3.1±1.2. Most participants (81.4%) had 2-4 healthy components, while only 0.7% (0.2% in men and 1.0% in women) of all the participants had all six healthy lifestyles. Participants who were women, at younger age, with more schooling and rural residents, were more likely to adhere to the healthy lifestyle. After ten years, the mean HLS showed a slight decrease. Conclusion The prevalence of optimal lifestyles in Chinese adults appeared extremely low. Levels of ‘healthy lifestyle’ varied greatly among those populations with different socio-demographic characteristics across the ten areas in China. |
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