四川省凉山彝族自治州2008－2016年孕产妇HIV检测及感染情况分析

乔亚萍; 王爱玲; 王潇滟; 王前; 李珍; 金曦

文章摘要

乔亚萍,王爱玲,王潇滟,王前,李珍,金曦.四川省凉山彝族自治州2008－2016年孕产妇HIV检测及感染情况分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2020,41(4):552-556

四川省凉山彝族自治州2008－2016年孕产妇HIV检测及感染情况分析

Status on maternal testing and detection of HIV infection among pregnant women in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan province, 2008-2016

收稿日期:2019-06-06 出版日期:2020-04-24

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20190606-00408

中文关键词: 艾滋病病毒孕产妇母婴传播

英文关键词: HIV Pregnant women Mother-to-child transmission

基金项目:国家科技重大专项（2015ZX10001001）

作者	单位	E-mail
乔亚萍	中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心, 北京 100081
王爱玲	中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心, 北京 100081
王潇滟	中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心, 北京 100081
王前	中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心, 北京 100081
李珍	中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心, 北京 100081
金曦	中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心, 北京 100081	jinxi@chinawch.org.cn

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中文摘要:

目的了解2008-2016年凉山彝族自治州(凉山州)孕产妇接受HIV检测及HIV感染情况。方法利用全国预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播管理信息系统中凉山州预防艾滋病母婴传播工作月报表和HIV感染孕产妇个案卡数据,分析2008-2016年凉山州孕产妇HIV检测率、检测时期和HIV阳性率及其年度和地区分布特征。结果 2008-2016年凉山州孕产妇HIV检测率、孕期HIV检测率分别从40.7%(8 191/20 125)和8.0%(1 607/20 125),增加至95.7%(88 000/91 946)和70.1%(64 421/91 946)(趋势χ²=94 497.28,P<0.001,趋势χ²=90 655.03,P<0.001)。累计436 519例孕产妇接受了HIV检测,报告HIV感染孕产妇3 271例,HIV阳性率为0.75%(95%CI:0.72%~0.77%)。3 271例HIV感染孕产妇中1 527例(46.7%)在产时接受检测。孕产妇仅产时HIV阳性率逐年增加(趋势χ²=9.21,P=0.002),2016年为1.32%(95%CI:1.18%~1.47%),高于同期孕产妇孕期HIV检测阳性率(0.67%,95%CI:0.61%~0.73%)(χ²=88.23,P<0.001)。各县(市)孕产妇HIV检测率均呈增加趋势(趋势χ²检验,P<0.001)。2016年布拖县、昭觉县、金阳县、美姑县和越西县孕产妇HIV阳性率 ≥ 1%。结论 2008-2016年凉山州孕产妇HIV检测率增加,但产时检测率较高。孕产妇HIV感染疫情严重,妊娠期HIV检测时间偏晚,需采取措施促进孕产妇在孕期尽早接受HIV检测。

英文摘要:

Objective To understand the status of maternal testing, detection and trends of HIV infection among pregnant women in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (Liangshan) of Sichuan province during 2008-2016. Methods Data were collected from the monthly work report on maternal HIV testings and the case-reporting records of HIV-positive pregnant women, from the National Management Information System of China's Prevention of Mother-to-child transmission of HIV, syphilis, and HBV Program. Descriptive method was applied to show both the maternal HIV and predelivery HIV testing rates and maternal HIV positive rates as well as the distribution in different counties, between 2008 and 2016. Results During 2008-2016, both maternal HIV test rates and predelivery maternal HIV testing increased from 40.7% (8 191/20 125) and 8.0% (1 607/20 125) to 95.7% (88 000/91 946) and 70.1% (64 421/91 946), respectively (trend χ²=94 497.28, P<0.001; trend χ²=90 655.03, P<0.001). A total of 3 271 HIV-positives were detected from 436 519 pregnant women, with the HIV positive rate as 0.75% (95%CI:0.72%-0.77%). Among 3 271 HIV-positive pregnant women, 1 527 (46.7%) of them were tested at labor. The maternal HIV-positive rates at labor increased yearly (trend χ²=9.21, P=0.002). In 2016, the maternal HIV-positive rate at labor was 1.32% (95%CI:1.18%-1.47%), which was higher than that (0.67%, 95%CI:0.61%-0.73%) in the pregnant women who received HIV test predelivery (χ²=88.23, P<0.001). The maternal HIV-positive rates in Butuo, Zhaojue, Jinyang, Meigu, and Yuexi counties all appeared ≥ 1%, in 2016, respectively. Conclusions The maternal HIV test rates increased in Liangshan during 2008-2016, but the maternal HIV test rates at labor were relatively high. The HIV prevalence among pregnant women in Liangshan was severe and late for pregnant women to receive testing.

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