| 张家晖,岳晓丽,李婧,龚向东.全国性病监测点实验室检测能力调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2020,41(9):1509-1513 |
| 全国性病监测点实验室检测能力调查 |
| Investigation of detection capacities of laboratories in sexually transmitted disease surveillance areas in China |
| 收稿日期:2019-11-15 出版日期:2020-09-18 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20191115-00812 |
| 中文关键词: 性传播疾病 监测点 实验室检测 横断面调查 |
| 英文关键词: Sexually transmitted disease Surveillance areas Laboratory testing Cross-sectional study |
| 基金项目:中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程重大协同创新项目（CIFMS-2017-I2M-1-017） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张家晖 | 中国医学科学院, 北京协和医学院皮肤病研究所, 中国疾病预防控制中心性病控制中心 性病流行病学室, 南京 210042 | | | 岳晓丽 | 中国医学科学院, 北京协和医学院皮肤病研究所, 中国疾病预防控制中心性病控制中心 性病流行病学室, 南京 210042 | | | 李婧 | 中国医学科学院, 北京协和医学院皮肤病研究所, 中国疾病预防控制中心性病控制中心 性病流行病学室, 南京 210042 | | | 龚向东 | 中国医学科学院, 北京协和医学院皮肤病研究所, 中国疾病预防控制中心性病控制中心 性病流行病学室, 南京 210042 | gxdchina@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 调查国家级性病监测点医疗机构开展性病实验室检测能力的现状。方法 采用横断面研究方法调查105个监测点内医疗机构性病实验室检测方法开展情况，计算各检测项目的比例、比较其差异。结果 752家医疗机构开展梅毒螺旋体血清学试验和非梅毒螺旋体血清学试验比例分别为97.5%（733/752）和91.4%（687/752）；淋球菌培养和生殖道沙眼衣原体（CT）核酸检测的比例分别为48.4%（364/752）和23.4%（176/752）；单纯疱疹病毒2型（HSV-2）和人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）各检测项目的比例均<40%。其中，省、地市及县区级医疗机构开展梅毒螺旋体血清学试验和非梅毒螺旋体血清学试验比例均>90%，开展淋球菌培养的比例分别为66.9%（83/124）、46.9%（197/420）和47.4%（82/173），开展CT核酸检测的比例分别为29.0%（36/124）、25.0%（105/420）和19.7%（34/173）。公立医疗机构开展梅毒与淋病检测项目、CT核酸检测的比例高于民营/合资医疗机构，皮肤性病专科医院高于综合医院、妇幼保健机构。华东和中南地区监测点开展性病检测项目的比例普遍高于其他地区，西北地区最低。结论 我国性病监测点医疗机构已普遍开展梅毒血清学检测，但淋球菌培养、CT核酸检测开展不足。不同级别、类型和经营性质的医疗机构开展性病检测项目的比例不同，不同地区性病检测发展不平衡。应加强淋球菌培养、CT核酸检测的能力建设，加强基层、民营/合资以及西部欠发达地区医疗机构性病检测能力建设。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the detection capacities of the laboratories in medical institutions in national sexually transmitted disease (STD) surveillance areas in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the applications of STD tests in laboratories of the medical institutions in 105 STD surveillance areas in China, the proportion of each STD test application was calculated and the differences among medical institutions were compared. Results In 752 medical institutions, the proportions of Treponema pallidum serological test and non-Treponema pallidum serological test applications were 97.5% (733/752) and 91.4% (687/752), respectively. The proportions of gonococcal culture and Chlamydia trachomatis nucleic acid test applications were 48.4% (364/752) and 23.4% (176/752), respectively. The application proportions of all tests for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and human papillomavirus (HPV) were less than 40%. In medical institutions at provincial, prefectural and county levels, the application proportions of serological tests of Treponema and non-Treponema were all more than 90%, and the application proportions of gonococcal culture were 66.9% (83/124), 46.9% (197/420) and 47.4% (82/173) respectively, the application proportions of Chlamydia trachomatis nucleic acid test were 29.0% (36/124), 25.0% (105/420) and 19.7% (34/173) respectively. The application proportions of syphilis and gonorrhea tests and chlamydia nucleic acid test in public medical institutions were higher than those in private/joint venture medical institutions and higher in dermatological specialized hospitals than those in general hospitals and maternal and child health centers. The application proportions of STD tests in medical institutions in eastern China and central southern China were generally higher than those in other areas, and the lowest was found in northwestern China. Conclusions Serological tests for syphilis have been carried out widely in medical institutions in all STD surveillance areas in China, but there were insufficient use of tests for gonococcal culture and Chlamydia trachomatis nucleic acid. The application proportions of STD tests vary in medical institutions at different levels and with different types and ownerships, and the development of STD testing is unbalanced in different areas. It is necessary to strengthen the capacity building of gonococcal culture and Chlamydia trachomatis nucleic acid test, and strengthen the capacity building of STD testing in grassroots, private/joint venture medical institutions and those in underdeveloped western areas. |
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