| 王晴,张慕丽,秦颖,郑建东,赵宏婷,杨孝坤,李中杰,彭质斌,冯录召.2011-2019年中国B型流感季节性、年龄特征和疫苗匹配度分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2020,41(11):1813-1817 |
| 2011-2019年中国B型流感季节性、年龄特征和疫苗匹配度分析 |
| Analysis on seasonality, age distribution of influenza B cases and matching degree of influenza B vaccine in China, 2011-2019 |
| 收稿日期:2020-03-18 出版日期:2020-11-25 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200318-00375 |
| 中文关键词: 流感，B型 季节性 年龄分布 疫苗匹配 免疫策略 |
| 英文关键词: Influenza B virus Seasonality Age distribution Vaccine match Vaccine strategy |
| 基金项目:国家科技重大专项（2018ZX10713001-005）；国家自然科学基金（91846302）；中美新发和再发传染病项目（6NU2GGH000961-05-02）；中国疾病预防控制中心应急反应机制运行项目（131031001000015001）；北京市自然科学基金（7192136） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王晴 | 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病管理处, 传染病监测预警重点实验室, 北京 102206 | | | 张慕丽 | 首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院, 北京 101149 | | | 秦颖 | 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病管理处, 传染病监测预警重点实验室, 北京 102206 | | | 郑建东 | 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病管理处, 传染病监测预警重点实验室, 北京 102206 | | | 赵宏婷 | 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病管理处, 传染病监测预警重点实验室, 北京 102206 | | | 杨孝坤 | 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病管理处, 传染病监测预警重点实验室, 北京 102206 | | | 李中杰 | 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病管理处, 传染病监测预警重点实验室, 北京 102206 | | | 彭质斌 | 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病管理处, 传染病监测预警重点实验室, 北京 102206 | pengzb@chinacdc.cn | | 冯录召 | 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院, 北京 100730 | fengluzhao@cams.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析2011-2019年中国B型流感的季节性、年龄分布以及与疫苗的匹配程度，为今后B型流感的监测和疾病负担评价、四价流感疫苗应用、免疫策略制定提供证据。方法 利用全国流感监测网络2011年第14周至2019年第13周的流行病学和病原学监测数据，绘制热图、进行描述性统计，分析B型流感季节性和年龄分布特征。利用流感周报公布的抗原性分析结果，分析B型流感流行株与疫苗毒株的匹配情况。结果 2011-2019年中国B型流感呈现明显的季节性特征，在6个冬春季和A型共同流行，且B/Victoria和B/Yamagata系交替流行，部分南方地区在个别年度出现B型2个系共同流行。B型流感的年龄分布呈双峰，2个系的病毒均在5～15岁组阳性率最高，10岁为峰值；B/Victoria系病毒在25～35岁组为次高峰；B/Yamagata系病毒在55～65岁组为次高峰。B型流感流行株在2015-2016、2017-2018年度与三价流感疫苗所含B型系别不匹配，在2011-2012、2012-2013、2013-2014、2014-2015、2016-2017年度与疫苗所含B型系别匹配，2018-2019年度与疫苗所含B型系别匹配但抗原性中等程度匹配，交叉反应性低。结论 中国B型流感主要在冬春季流行，强度低于A型流感，不同系病毒的年龄分布存在差异，B型流感流行株与疫苗株多个季节不匹配，需持续开展B型流感的监测和疾病负担评价，完善疫苗免疫策略，提高流感疫苗接种率，降低流感对高危人群的危害。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the seasonality, age distribution of influenza B cases and matching degree of influenza B vaccine in China from 2011 to 2019, and provide evidences for the future surveillance, estimation of disease burden of influenza B, application of quadrivalent vaccines, and development of vaccine strategies. Methods The epidemiological and virological surveillance data of influenza B from week 14 of 2011 to week 13 of 2019 obtained from National Influenza Surveillance Network were used to draw hot spot maps and conduct descriptive statistics to analyze the seasonality and age distribution of influenza B cases. The published antigenicity analysis results from the China Weekly Influenza Report were used to analyze the matching degree between the trivalent vaccine strain and the circulating influenza B strains. Results From 2011 to 2019, the incidence of influenza B showed obvious seasonal characteristics, and influenza B virus co-circulated with influenza A virus in six winter-spring seasons, and influenza B virus/Victoria and Yamagata lineages circulated alternately. In some southern provinces, two lineages co-circulated in some southern areas in certain years. The age distribution of influenza B cases was double-peaked, and both lineages had the highest positive rate in age-group 5-15 years, with peaks at age of 10 years; B/Victoria virus had a sub-peak in age-group 25-35 years; B/Yamagata virus had a sub-peak in age-group 55-65 years. Trivalent influenza vaccine strain and influenza B epidemic strains mismatched in 2015-2016 and 2017-2018 seasons, matched in 2011-2012, 2012-2013, 2013-2014, 2014-2015 and 2016-2017 seasons, and moderately matched in 2018-2019 season, but reactivity was low. Conclusions Influenza B mainly occurred in winter-spring season in China, and its intensity was lower than that of influenza A. There was a difference in the age distribution of the cases among different virus strains. Trivalent influenza vaccine strains and influenza B epidemic strains mismatched in several seasons. It is crucial to conduct continuous surveillance of influenza B and disease burden evaluation, improve vaccine immunization strategy, increase influenza vaccination rate to reduce the harm of influenza B in high-risk groups. |
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