| 朱文龙,程慧健,杨来宝,陆红梅,阿克忠,赵琦,徐双飞,王伟炳.江西省、上海市、青海省儿童家长预防接种知识、态度、行为调查及结构方程模型分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2021,42(2):309-315 |
| 江西省、上海市、青海省儿童家长预防接种知识、态度、行为调查及结构方程模型分析 |
| A model analysis on the knowledge-attitude-practice of children guardians in Jiangxi, Shanghai and Qinghai |
| 收稿日期:2020-03-21 出版日期:2021-02-24 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200321-00411 |
| 中文关键词: 预防接种 知识、态度、行为 结构方程模型 |
| 英文关键词: Vaccination Knowledge-attitude-practice Structural equation model |
| 基金项目:国家免疫规划外部评估项目（中国生物技术股份有限公司和赛诺菲巴斯德资助） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 朱文龙 | 复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室, 公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室, 上海 200032 | | | 程慧健 | 江西省疾病预防控制中心, 南昌 330029 | | | 杨来宝 | 上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心 200136 | | | 陆红梅 | 上海市松江区疾病预防控制中心 201620 | | | 阿克忠 | 青海省疾病预防控制中心, 西宁 810007 | | | 赵琦 | 复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室, 公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室, 上海 200032 | | | 徐双飞 | 复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室, 公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室, 上海 200032 | | | 王伟炳 | 复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室, 公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室, 上海 200032 | wwb@fudan.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解江西省、上海市、青海省3地儿童家长预防接种知识水平及相关的行为，探究影响预防接种知识水平和相关行为的因素。方法 采用分层抽样的方法，在江西省、上海市、青海省各选择2个县（区）作为调查现场；采用连续抽样，在接种门诊对接种儿童家长使用结构化的调查问卷进行调查；使用结构方程模型探究家长知识水平、接种行为间的关系及影响因素。结果 此次调查总计收到有效问卷760份。3地家长预防接种知识掌握情况较好，青海省及上海市家长的接种知识水平略高于江西省家长。家长主要通过医务人员、阅读接种手册获取相关的知识。结构方程模型拟合效果较好（近似误差均方根=0.033）；家长的文化程度越高，对应的接种知识水平也越高（β=0.082）；家长的预防接种知识水平会影响接种儿童是否留观半小时（β=0.541）以及面对媒体关于孩子注射疫苗后产生不良反应的报道时是否会放弃给孩子接种疫苗（β=0.515）。结论 江西省、上海市、青海省接种儿童家长预防接种知识水平较高。应当重点关注中、低文化程度家长的预防接种知识宣教。可通过医务人员、接种手册或移动应用程序普及相关知识。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) on vaccination among children's parents in Jiangxi, Shanghai, and Qinghai and explore the factors influencing KAP.Methods The study selected two counties/districts in Jiangxi, Shanghai, and Qinghai, respectively, by stratified sampling and used a unified questionnaire to investigate the parental KAP of vaccination. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to explore factors influencing parental KAP, as well as the relationship between knowledge and behavior.Results Of the 760 valid questionnaires, the knowledge of vaccination among children's parents was better, and the vaccination knowledge of parents in Qinghai and Shanghai were slightly better than those in Jiangxi. Parents mainly obtained vaccination knowledge through medical staff and vaccination manuals. The fitting degree of SEM was relatively good; the root mean square error of approximation of the model is 0.033. The higher the parents' education level, the better their knowledge of vaccination (β=0.082). Parental vaccination knowledge could influence whether the vaccinated children stay for half an hour in the clinics (β=0.541). It could also impact whether parents giving up vaccinating their children in the face of media reports about the adverse effects of vaccinations (β=0.515).Conclusions The knowledge of vaccination among the parents in Jiangxi, Shanghai, and Qinghai was quite good. Moreover, we should pay more attention to the mass media programs and vaccination knowledge among parents with low or middle education backgrounds. Vaccination knowledge can be disseminated through medical staff, vaccination manuals, or mobile applications." |
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