| 李慧,王文瑞,范蒙光,刘伯熙,姜晓峰,田晓灵,席云峰,白如玉,迟富利,杨升美.2021年10月内蒙古自治区额济纳旗新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情流行病学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2022,43(2):189-194 |
| 2021年10月内蒙古自治区额济纳旗新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情流行病学特征分析 |
| Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 epidemic in Ejina banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, October 2021 |
| 收稿日期:2021-11-18 出版日期:2022-02-16 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20211118-00899 |
| 中文关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎 流行病学特征 防控措施 |
| 英文关键词: COVID-19 Epidemiological characteristic Prevention and control measure |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技计划（2020GG0003，2021GG0132） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李慧 | 内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所, 呼和浩特 010031 | | | 王文瑞 | 内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所, 呼和浩特 010031 | wr821@163.com | | 范蒙光 | 内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所, 呼和浩特 010031 | | | 刘伯熙 | 内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心应急办公室, 呼和浩特 010031 | | | 姜晓峰 | 内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所, 呼和浩特 010031 | | | 田晓灵 | 内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所, 呼和浩特 010031 | | | 席云峰 | 内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心地方病慢性病所, 呼和浩特 010031 | | | 白如玉 | 内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心地方病慢性病所, 呼和浩特 010031 | | | 迟富利 | 内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所, 呼和浩特 010031 | | | 杨升美 | 内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心公共卫生所, 呼和浩特 010031 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析2021年10月内蒙古自治区额济纳旗新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情的流行病学特征，为完善防控措施提供科学依据。方法 收集截至2021年11月13日额济纳旗COVID-19确诊病例的发病时间、病例分布、人群特征、基因测序结果等信息，进行描述性分析。结果 额济纳旗COVID-19疫情首发患者的症状出现于10月7日，病例报告集中在10月19日至11月12日，确诊病例共164例。其中达来呼布镇报告156例（95.12%），主要分布在镇内6个社区。确诊病例男女性别比为1.3∶1，以20~59岁为主（78.66%）。临床表现主要为咽部不适（91例，91.92%）、咳嗽（49例，49.49%）、发热（23例，23.23%）。临床分型以普通型（81例，49.39%）、轻型（68例，41.46%）为主。病例发现方式主要为集中隔离点检测发现（84例，51.22%）和全员核酸检测发现（62例，37.80%）。本次疫情早期基本再生数（R0）为5.3，平均潜伏期为3.9 d。测序结果显示属于Delta变异株（B.1.617.2进化分支）。主要防控措施为及时启动公共卫生Ⅳ级应急响应，进行多轮核酸检测，针对滞留旅客采用转运方式降低感染风险。结论 内蒙古自治区额济纳旗COVID-19疫情病毒传播力强、潜伏期短、人群普遍易感、存在聚集性疫情。推测策克口岸为可能的传播源头，本次疫情为一起由Delta变异株引起的境外输入疫情。应继续加强闭环管理、实施疫苗接种策略，借鉴病例和滞留旅客转运的成功经验，为制定科学、精准的常态化防控措施提供依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 epidemic in Ejina banner, Inner Mongolia, in October 2021 and provide evidence for the improvement of COVID-19 prevention and control. Methods The information about the time, area and population distributions of COVID-19 cases in Ejina before November 13, 2021 and the gene sequencing result of the isolates were collected for a statistical descriptive analysis. Results The first COVID-19 case in Ejina occurred on 7 October, 2021. A total of 164 COVID-19 cases were reported from October 19 to November 12. Most cases were distributed in 6 communities in Darahub (156 cases, 95.12%). The result of full gene sequencing of the isolates indicted that the pathogen was Delta variant (B.1.617.2). The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.3∶1. The age of cases ranged from 1 to 85 years, and the cases aged 20-59 years accounted for 78.66%. The main clinical symptoms were sore throat (91 cases, 91.92%), cough (49 cases, 49.49%) and fever (23 cases, 23.23%). Most cases were ordinary ones (81 cases, 49.39%) and mild ones (68 cases, 41.46%). The cases were mainly detected at the isolation points (84 cases, 51.22%) and through population based nucleic acid testing (62 cases, 37.80%). The basic reproduction number (R0) of COVID-19 was 5.3, the average incubation period was 3.9 days. The local government rapidly started Ⅳ level emergency response and conducted 10 rounds of nucleic acid tests. The transferring of travelers reduced the risk for the further spread of COVID-19 in Ejina. Conclusions The epidemic of COVID-19 in Ejina characterized by strong transmission, short incubation period, herd susceptibility and case clustering. Delta variant (B.1.617.2) was the pathogen, which might be imported from Zeke port. Comprehensive prevention and control measures, such as closed-loop management and vaccination, should be continued. The successful transferring of the patients and travelers provided evidence for the effective and precise prevention and control of COVID-19 in a routine manner. |
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