| 姜博,方凯,韩雪玉,董忠.北京市35~75岁居民心血管病高危人群特征[J].中华流行病学杂志,2022,43(3):366-372 |
| 北京市35~75岁居民心血管病高危人群特征 |
| Characteristics of high-risk cardiovascular disease among residents aged 35-75 in 8 districts of Beijing |
| 收稿日期:2021-06-24 出版日期:2022-03-21 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20210624-00493 |
| 中文关键词: 心血管病 高危因素 肥胖 超重 |
| 英文关键词: Cardiovascular disease High-risk factor Obesity Overweight |
| 基金项目:国家卫生和计划生育委员会和财政部重大公共卫生服务项目 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 4027 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解北京市35~75岁居民心血管病高危的特征与现状，对心血管病防控策略与措施的制定完善提供科学参考依据。方法 根据北京市2016年9月至2019年11月心血管病高危人群早期筛查与综合干预项目资料，纳入北京市8个区93 520名35~75岁常住居民为调查对象进行分析。采用χ2检验比较不同特征人群心血管病高危比例，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析人群特征与心血管病高危之间的关系。结果 心血管病高危人群比例为20.82%（19 471/93 520）。65~75岁年龄组高危人群比例较高，为29.05%（5 151/17 733），不同年龄调查对象高危人群比例差异有统计学意义（χ2=3 359.37，P<0.001），且高危人群比例随年龄增加而增高（趋势χ2=3 121.75，P<0.05）。男性高危人群比例为31.19%（10 752/34 476），高于女性的14.77%（8 719/59 044），差异有统计学意义（χ2=3 559.87，P<0.05）。多个危险因素聚集分布情况中最多为高血压合并糖尿病（29.80%，5 802/19 471），男性中最多为高血压合并吸烟（37.84%，4 069/10 752），女性（49.32%，4 300/8 719）、城区（33.62%，2 571/7 647）、郊区（27.33%，3 231/11 824）危险因素聚集均为高血压合并糖尿病比例最多。较低文化程度［高中（OR=1.56，95%CI：1.46~1.66）、初中（OR=1.99，95%CI：1.88~2.12）、小学及以下（OR=2.28，95%CI：2.12~2.45）］、非汉族（OR=1.19，95%CI：1.07~1.33）、未婚（OR=1.16，95%CI：1.08~1.24）、饮酒（OR=3.06，95%CI：2.94~3.19）、肥胖（OR=1.85，95%CI：1.77~1.93）、超重（OR=1.41，95%CI：1.36~1.47）人群与心血管病高危风险呈正相关。结论 北京市35~75岁心血管病高危人群比例约占1/5，男性多于女性；较低文化程度、饮酒、超重、肥胖与心血管病高危呈正相关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the characteristics and current situation of high risks related to cardiovascular disease among residents aged 35-75 in Beijing and to provide scientific reference for the formulation and improvement of cardiovascular disease prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods According to the data of the Cardiovascular Disease Screening and Management Program in Beijing, 93 520 participants aged 35-75 in 8 districts of Beijing were selected for analysis. We used the χ2 test to compare the high-risk prevalence of cardiovascular disease in different population characteristics. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between population characteristics and the high risks of cardiovascular disease. Results The prevalence of high-risk cardiovascular disease was 20.82% (19 471/93 520). The prevalence of high-risk population in the 65-75 years-old was significantly higher than those of other age groups[29.05% (5 151/17 733), χ2=3 359.37, P<0.001], and the prevalence increased with age (trend χ2=3 121.75, P<0.05). The prevalence of high risk in males was significantly higher than that of women (31.19%, 10 752/34 476 vs. 14.77%, 8 719/59 044, χ2=3 559.87, P<0.05). The most common clustered risk factors appeared as hypertension and diabetes (29.80%, 5 802/19 471), hypertension with smoking (37.84%, 4 069/10 752) in males, and hypertension with diabetes mellitus in females (49.32%, 4 300/8 719), in urban areas (33.62%, 2 571/7 647) and in suburbs (27.33%, 3 231/11 824). Lower education[high school (OR=1.56,95%CI:1.46-1.66), middle school (OR=1.99,95%CI:1.88-2.12), primary school and below (OR=2.28,95%CI:2.12-2.45)], non-Han ethnicity (OR=1.19, 95%CI:1.07-1.33), unmarried (OR=1.16, 95%CI:1.08-1.24), drinking alcohol (OR=3.06, 95%CI:2.94-3.19), obesity (OR=1.85, 95%CI:1.77-1.93), overweight (OR=1.41, 95%CI:1.36-1.47),etc., were positively correlated with the high risk of cardiovascular disease. Conclusions We noticed that the prevalence of high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease aged 35-75 years was around 20% in Beijing, and the proportion in males was higher than females. Low education, drinking, overweight, and obesity were positively correlated with the risks of cardiovascular disease. |
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