| 亚森·卡热,阿提古丽·赛麦提,彭孝旺,谢春梅,艾斯卡尔·吐尔地,米热古丽·衣克木,王平,蒋绍锋,张丙银.2005-2020年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区梅毒流行病学特征[J].中华流行病学杂志,2022,43(8):1269-1274 |
| 2005-2020年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区梅毒流行病学特征 |
| Epidemiological Characteristics of syphilis in Kashgar area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 2005-2020 |
| 收稿日期:2022-01-11 出版日期:2022-08-13 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220111-00026 |
| 中文关键词: 梅毒 流行特征 Joinpoint回归模型 |
| 英文关键词: Syphilis Epidemiological characteristics Joinpoint regression model |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区梅毒流行特征及趋势，为制定梅毒防控策略及措施提供依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对2005-2020年喀什地区报告的梅毒病例流行特征进行统计分析，采用Joinpoint 4.8.0.1软件计算各年度变化百分比，采用Joinpoint回归模型进行时间趋势分析。结果 2005-2020年喀什地区共报告各类梅毒病例75 331例，报告病例数由2005年的720例增长到2020年的4 275例；报告发病率由2005年的19.57/10万增长到2020年的93.86/10万，分2个阶段，2005-2014年报告发病率由19.57/10万上升至188.17/10万，年均上升28.24%，2014-2020年报告发病率由188.17/10万下降至93.86/10万，年均下降12.58%。一、二、三期梅毒和胎传梅毒报告发病率均随时间呈先上升后下降趋势；但隐性梅毒报告发病率一直呈上升趋势，2018年起占比超过一期梅毒，成为主要流行类型；男女性别比为0.97∶1（37 097∶38 234）；各年龄组均有病例报告，以20~49岁组为主，占报告病例总数的55.65%（41 921/75 331）；职业分布以农民为主，占所有报告发病总数的71.15%（53 595/75 331），且农民占比呈现逐年上升趋势，从2005年的35.00%上升到2020年的79.04%。结论 2005-2020年喀什地区梅毒疫情防控形势较为严峻，应该加强卫生知识的宣传和健康教育，尤其是加强青壮年、农民和育龄妇女等重点人群的宣传教育和预防，提高梅毒筛查和检测水平，做到早发现、规范报告和治疗，以遏制梅毒的流行。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of syphilis in Kashgar area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and provide a basis for formulating syphilis control measures. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis cases reported in Kashgar from 2005 to 2020, and the Joinpoint 4.8.0.1 software was used to calculate the annual percent change (APC) and perform trend testing. Results From 2005 to 2020, 75 331 syphilis cases were reported in Kashgar. The number of syphilis cases increased from 720 in 2005 to 4 275 in 2020. The reported incidence increased from 19.57/100 000 in 2005 to 93.86/100 000 in 2020 in two stages. From 2005 to 2014, the reported incidence increased from 19.57/100 000 to 188.17/100 000, with an average annual increase of 28.24%. From 2014 to 2020, the reported incidence decreased from 188.17/100 000 to 93.86/100 000, with an average annual decrease of 12.58%. The reported incidence of primary syphilis, secondary syphilis, tertiary syphilis and fetal-transmitted syphilis increased first and then decreased with time. However, the reported incidence of recessive syphilis has been on the rise. Since 2018, the ratio of recessive syphilis has exceeded that of primary syphilis, becoming the main epidemic type. The incidence ratio of male to female was 0.97:1 (37 097:38 234); all age groups had reported cases, with 20-49-year-old group the most, accounting for 55.65% (41 921/75 331) of the total number of reported cases; occupational distribution was dominated by farmers, accounting for 71.15% (53 595/75 331) of all reported cases, and the proportion of farmers was increasing year by year, from 35.00% in 2005 to 79.04% in 2020. Conclusions The situation of syphilis in Kashgar was serious in 2005-2020. We should strengthen the publicity of health knowledge and health education,especially strengthen the health education and prevention of young and middle-aged people, farmers, women of childbearing age and other key groups. Additional, the screening that raises syphilis ceaselessly even and detects level, accomplish early discovery, standard report and cure, in order to curb the popularity of syphilis. |
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