| 王志如,李惟怡,姜红如,贾小芳,黄绯绯,胡霄,王惠君,张兵,王志宏.中国四省7~17岁儿童青少年心血管代谢性危险因素的流行特征[J].中华流行病学杂志,2023,44(4):592-597 |
| 中国四省7~17岁儿童青少年心血管代谢性危险因素的流行特征 |
| Epidemiological characteristics of cardio-metabolic risk factors among children and adolescents aged 7-17 years in 4 provinces of China |
| 收稿日期:2022-09-27 出版日期:2023-04-18 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220927-00814 |
| 中文关键词: 心血管代谢性危险因素 儿童青少年 人口经济学因素 |
| 英文关键词: Cardio-metabolic risk factors Children and adolescents Demographic and economic factors |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0907700，2017YFC0907701）；国家财政项目（131031107000210002）；中国食品科学技术学会食品科技基金（2021-Y03） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨中国河北省、浙江省、陕西省和湖南省（四省）7~17岁儿童青少年心血管代谢性危险因素的流行特征以及人口经济特征对其的影响。方法 选取“神经系统疾病专病社区队列研究”2018年的1 747名7~17岁儿童青少年作为研究对象，对高腰围、中心性肥胖、TG升高、TC升高、LDL-C升高、HDL-C降低、血压升高、血糖升高和危险因素聚集进行分析。应用χ2检验进行单因素分析、多因素logistic回归分析人口经济学因素与危险因素的相关性、Cochran-Armitage趋势检验进行分析。结果 中国四省7~17岁儿童青少年高腰围、HDL-C降低、血压升高、TG升高、血糖升高、中心性肥胖、TC升高、LDL-C升高检出率分别为29.08%、15.28%、13.17%、13.05%、11.79%、7.33%、6.53%、5.15%。18.37%的儿童青少年中存在危险因素聚集。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，女性高腰围发生的风险高于男性（OR=1.67，95%CI：1.26~2.22），血糖升高和危险因素聚集的风险低于男性（OR=0.69，95%CI：0.49~0.99；OR=0.72，95%CI：0.53~0.99）；13~17岁年龄组高腰围、HDL-C降低、危险因素聚集的风险高于7~岁年龄组（OR=2.24，95%CI：1.65~3.04；OR=1.59，95%CI：1.20~2.11；OR=1.75，95%CI：1.26~2.44），中心性肥胖风险低于7~岁年龄组（OR=0.54，95%CI：0.37~0.78）；南方地区儿童青少年TC升高、TG升高、HDL-C降低的风险高于北方（OR=1.88，95%CI：1.25~2.83；OR=1.61，95%CI：1.17~2.22；OR=1.55，95%CI：1.19~2.04），但是高腰围和中心性肥胖风险低于北方（OR=0.57，95%CI：0.43~0.75；OR=0.62，95%CI：0.42~0.90）；农村儿童青少年HDL-C降低的风险高于城市（OR=1.36，95%CI：1.02~1.83）。随家庭人均月收入提高，BMI增加，多种危险因素风险升高。结论 2018年我国四省7~17岁儿童青少年高腰围、HDL-C降低、血压升高在心血管代谢性危险因素中较为严重，地区、家庭人均月收入、BMI是心血管代谢性危险因素的主要影响因素。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of cardio-metabolic risk factors among children and adolescents aged 7-17 years in (Hebei, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Hunan) 4 provinces of China and the influence of demographic and economic characteristics on them. Methods A total of 1 747 children and adolescents aged 7-17 from a Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Disease in 2018 were selected. High waist circumference, central obesity, elevated TG, elevated TC, elevated LDL-C, decreased HDL-C, elevated blood pressure, elevated blood glucose, and clustering of risk factors was analyzed. χ2 test was used for univariate analysis, multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between demographic and economic factors and risk factors, and the Cochran-Armitage trend test was used for trend analysis. Results The detection rates of high waist circumference, decreased HDL-C, elevated blood pressure, elevated TG, elevated blood glucose, central obesity, elevated TC, and elevated LDL-C were 29.08%, 15.28%, 13.17%, 13.05%, 11.79%, 7.33%, 6.53%, and 5.15%, respectively. The rate of clustering of risk factors was 18.37%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of high waist circumference in girls was higher than that in boys (OR=1.67, 95%CI: 1.26-2.22), and the risk of elevated blood glucose and clustering of risk factors was lower than that in boys (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.49-0.99; OR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.53-0.99). The risk of high waist circumference, decreased HDL-C, and clustering of risk factors in 13-17 years old group was higher than that in the 7-year-olds group (OR=2.24, 95%CI: 1.65-3.04; OR=1.59, 95%CI: 1.20-2.11; OR=1.75, 95%CI: 1.26-2.44), but the risk of central obesity was lower (OR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.37-0.78). The risk of elevated TC, elevated TG, and decreased HDL-C in children and adolescents in southern was higher than that in northern parts of China (OR=1.88, 95%CI: 1.25-2.83; OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.17-2.22; OR=1.55, 95%CI: 1.19-2.04), but the risk of high waist circumference and central obesity was lower than that in northern China (OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.43-0.75; OR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.42-0.90). The risk of decreased HDL-C in rural children and adolescents was higher than in urban children and adolescents (OR=1.36, 95%CI: 1.02-1.83). The risk of multiple risk factors increased with the increase in average monthly household income per capita and BMI level. Conclusions High waist circumference, decreased HDL-C and elevated blood pressure were prominent cardio-metabolic risk factors among children and adolescents aged 7-17 years in 4 provinces of China in 2018. The region, average monthly household income per capita, and BMI were the main influencing factors of cardio-metabolic risk factors. |
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