| 张亚利,蔡剑,裴迎新,刘慧慧,陆润泽,杨仁东,马会来.我国各级疾病预防控制机构突发事件公共卫生风险评估工作现状调查[J].中华流行病学杂志,2023,44(9):1462-1466 |
| 我国各级疾病预防控制机构突发事件公共卫生风险评估工作现状调查 |
| A survey of performance of public health risk assessment in emergencies of institutions for disease control and prevention at different levels in China |
| 收稿日期:2023-01-14 出版日期:2023-09-14 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230114-00031 |
| 中文关键词: 应急 公共卫生 风险评估 信息来源 风险管理建议 疾病预防控制机构 |
| 英文关键词: Emergency Public health Risk assessment Information source Risk management recommendation Institution for disease control and prevention |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（72042012）；中国现场流行病学培训项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解全国疾病预防控制机构（疾控机构）突发事件公共卫生风险评估开展现状，为完善风险评估工作提供建议。方法 2021年3-4月从国家级、32个省级和部分地市级疾控机构（每个省份采用便利抽样选取1~2个地级市）中各选择1人参与突发事件公共卫生风险评估的专业人员开展问卷调查。结果 共调查79个疾控机构，其中1个国家级、32个省级、46个地市级。截至2021年4月，79个疾控机构均已开展突发事件公共卫生风险评估工作。其中61个（77.2%）设立了负责开展风险评估的部门，主要为应急管理办公室或传染病预防控制所（科），建立了风险评估例会制度。风险评估的信息来源主要为公共卫生监测系统，其中以传染病报告信息管理系统（100.0%）和突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统（97.5%）最常用。与省级疾控机构相比，地市级疾控机构对相关专病监测系统的信息利用比例更高（84.8%vs. 62.5%；χ2=5.09，P=0.024）。43个（54.4%）疾控机构开展风险评估所提出的风险管理建议经常被上级卫生行政部门采纳，并及时转化为疫情防控的务实举措。结论 突发事件公共卫生风险评估工作已在国家级、省级和地市级疾控机构广泛开展，多数机构设有专职部门并建立了相关制度，但信息来源尚局限于公共卫生监测系统，评估结果被采纳及应用的比例有待提高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the performance of public health risk assessment in emergencies of institutions for disease control and prevention at different levels in China, and provide suggestions for the improvement of public health risk assessment. Methods A self-administered survey was conducted in professionals involved in public health risk assessment in emergencies from national institution, provincial institutions and some prefectural institutions for disease control and prevention (1-2 prefectural institutions were selected using convenience sampling in each province) between March and April in 2021. Results A total of 79 institutions for disease control and prevention were investigated, including 1 national institution, 32 provincial institutions and 46 prefectural institutions. By April 2021, all the 79 institutions surveyed had conducted risk assessment of public health emergencies, in which 61 (77.2%) had established departments responsible for the public health risk assessment, i.e. emergency management office or communicable disease prevention and control office (section), and regular risk assessment mechanisms. The main sources of information for public health risk assessment were public health surveillance systems, including the National Notifiable Diseases Reporting System (100.0%) and Public Health Emergencies Management Information System (97.5%). Compared with the provincial institutions, the prefectural institutions were more likely to use specific disease surveillance systems (84.8% vs. 62.5%; χ2=5.09, P=0.024). The risk management recommendations made by 43 institutions for disease control and prevention (54.4%) after the risk assessment were accepted by the superior health administrative departments and used in epidemic prevention and control. Conclusions Public health risk assessment in emergencies has been widely carried out by national, provincial and prefectural institutions for disease control and prevention in China. Specialized departments and mechanisms have been established, but the information sources are still confined to public health surveillance systems and the application of the risk assessment results still needs to be further improved. |
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