母体免疫激活与儿童神经发育障碍

杨逢遇; 陶芳标

文章摘要

杨逢遇,陶芳标.母体免疫激活与儿童神经发育障碍[J].中华流行病学杂志,2023,44(9):1491-1496

母体免疫激活与儿童神经发育障碍

Association between maternal immune activation and neurodevelopmental disorders in children

收稿日期:2023-02-22 出版日期:2023-09-14

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230222-00095

中文关键词: 母体免疫激活神经发育障碍流行病学

英文关键词: Maternal immune activation Neurodevelopmental disorder Epidemiology

基金项目:国家自然科学基金（U22A20361）

作者	单位	E-mail
杨逢遇	安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系/出生人口健康教育部重点实验室人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室/国家卫生健康委配子及生殖道异常研究重点实验室, 合肥 230032
陶芳标	安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系/出生人口健康教育部重点实验室人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室/国家卫生健康委配子及生殖道异常研究重点实验室, 合肥 230032	fbtao@ahmu.edu.cn

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中文摘要:

孕期作为一个特殊时期，母体易遭受不良暴露进而影响子代。孕期母亲免疫失衡出现母体免疫激活（MIA），会影响后代神经发育，流行病学研究证据支持MIA与后代神经发育障碍（NDDs）之间的关联，多种因素如遗传背景、母体营养状况、母体肠道微生物等可影响两者间的关联强度。研究表明MIA会通过多种途径影响后代大脑突触形成和修剪，胎盘也在两者关联间起作用。本文综述了近年来MIA与儿童NDDs关联的研究现状，为预防NDDs发生提供思路和方向。

英文摘要:

During pregnancy, as a special period, mother is vulnerable to adverse exposure, affecting the health of offspring. Maternal immune activation (MIA) due to maternal immune imbalance during pregnancy can affect the neurodevelopment of offspring. Evidence from epidemiological studies and animal studies supports an association between MIA and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in offspring. A variety of factors, such as genetic background, maternal nutritional status and maternal gut microbes, can influence the strength of the association. Studies have shown that MIA affects synapsis formation and pruning in offspring through a variety of pathways, and the placenta also plays a role in such association. This article summarizes the recent research of the association between MIA and neurodevelopmental disorders in children, and provides suggestion for the prevention of the incidence of NDDs.

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