| 叶泽豪,姜海波,谭诗文,史宏博,褚堃,张丹丹.宁波市HIV感染者抗病毒治疗医疗保险药物使用情况及相关因素分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2024,45(1):123-127 |
| 宁波市HIV感染者抗病毒治疗医疗保险药物使用情况及相关因素分析 |
| Prevalence of medicare antiviral drugs use and related factors in HIV-infected people in Ningbo |
| 收稿日期:2023-06-06 出版日期:2024-01-12 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230606-00353 |
| 中文关键词: 艾滋病病毒感染者 医疗保险药物 随访 相关因素 |
| 英文关键词: HIV-infected people Medicare drugs Follow-up Related factors |
| 基金项目:浙江省医药卫生科技计划（2020KY902）；宁波市医学重点学科（2022-B18）；宁波市公益类科技计划（2021S161） |
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| 目的 分析宁波市HIV感染者抗病毒治疗（ART）医疗保险（医保）药物使用情况及影响因素。方法 资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统截至2023年2月宁波市所有在治HIV感染者与ART相关历史数据。采用logistic回归模型分析HIV感染者ART医保药物使用的相关因素。使用R 4.2.2软件进行统计学分析。结果 共收集有ART记录的HIV感染者6 433例，其中在治HIV感染者5 783例。在治HIV感染者中，医保药物使用比例为24.8%（1 435/5 783，95%CI：23.7%~25.9%）。ART医保药物使用比例最低的两个区（县）为北仑区（8.7%，43/497）和奉化区（5.7%，14/247）。在治HIV感染者中，ART医保或自费药物组最近1年病毒载量检测≥1次的比例（84.9%，1 352/1 593）显著低于免费药物组（91.4%，3 829/4 190）（χ2=52.50，P<0.001）。多因素分析结果显示，ART医保药物使用的相关因素包括文化程度低（初中及以下：aOR=0.24，95%CI：0.17~0.34），农民或工人（农民：aOR=0.60，95%CI：0.39~0.91；工人：aOR=0.42，95%CI：0.27~0.64），月均收入较低（<3 000元：aOR=0.29，95%CI：0.18~0.45），确诊与ART间隔时间较长（≥21 d：aOR=0.47，95%CI：0.30~0.74）。结论 宁波市HIV感染者ART医保药物使用比例的地区差异较明显，应尽快完善HIV感染者随访管理方案，提高HIV感染者随访依从性，调动各区（县）推广ART医保药物积极性。加强对文化程度较低者和延迟治疗者的ART医保药物的科普宣传。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the use of medicare antiviral drugs (ART) and related factors among HIV-infected people in Ningbo City. Methods The retrospective data was collected related to infection and treatment of HIV-infected people in ART in Ningbo up to February 2023 through the National Infectious Disease Surveillance System. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors related to medicare antiviral drug use in HIV-infected people. R 4.2.2 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 6 433 HIV-infected people with ART records were collected, among which 5 783 were in ART. The prevalence of medicare drugs use among people in ART was 24.8% (1 435/5 783, 95%CI: 23.7%-25.9%). Beilun District (8.7%, 43/497) and Fenghua District (5.7%, 14/247) had the lowest level in medicare drugs use. Among people in ART using medicare or out‐of‐pocket drugs, the prevalence of those who had at least one viral load test in the last year (84.9%, 1 352/1 593) was significantly lower than that of those using free drugs (91.4%, 3 829/4 190) (χ2=52.50,P<0.001). The results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that the factors influencing medicare drug use included low educational level (junior high school and below: aOR=0.24, 95%CI:0.17-0.34), farmer or worker (farmer: aOR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.39-0.91; worker: aOR=0.42, 95%CI: 0.27-0.64), low monthly income (<3 000 Yuan: aOR=0.29, 95%CI: 0.18-0.45), the longer interval time between diagnosis and treatment (≥21 days: aOR=0.47, 95%CI: 0.30-0.74). Conclusions Significant regional differences on the prevalence of medicare antiviral drugs use in HIV-infected people exist in Ningbo City. Follow-up management program of patients should be improved to strengthen patient compliance to mobilize medicare drug promotion. Meanwhile, publicity of medicare drugs should be strengthened for farmers or workers with low education level and patients with delayed treatment. |
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