文章摘要
曾芷青,马钰,杨超,余灿清,孙点剑一,裴培,杜怀东,陈君石,陈铮鸣,李立明,张路霞,吕筠,代表中国慢性病前瞻性研究项目协作组.中国成年人BMI和腰围与慢性肾脏病发病风险的关联研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2024,45(7):903-913
中国成年人BMI和腰围与慢性肾脏病发病风险的关联研究
Associations of body mass index and waist circumference with risk of chronic kidney disease in adults in China
收稿日期:2024-02-27  出版日期:2024-07-13
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240227-00085
中文关键词: 慢性肾脏病  体质指数  腰围  亚型  队列研究
英文关键词: Chronic kidney disease  Body mass index  Waist circumference  Disease subtypes  Cohort study
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(82388102,82192900);英国Wellcome Trust(212946/Z/18/Z,202922/Z/16/Z,104085/Z/14/Z,088158/Z/09/Z);中国香港Kadoorie Charitable基金
作者单位E-mail
曾芷青 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191  
马钰 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191  
杨超 北京大学第一医院肾脏内科, 北京大学肾脏病研究所, 北京 100034  
余灿清 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191
北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心, 北京 100191
重大疾病流行病学教育部重点实验室(北京大学), 北京 100191 
 
孙点剑一 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191
北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心, 北京 100191
重大疾病流行病学教育部重点实验室(北京大学), 北京 100191 
 
裴培 北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心, 北京 100191  
杜怀东 牛津大学临床与流行病学研究中心纳菲尔德人群健康系, 牛津 OX3 7LF  
陈君石 国家食品安全风险评估中心, 北京 100022  
陈铮鸣 牛津大学临床与流行病学研究中心纳菲尔德人群健康系, 牛津 OX3 7LF  
李立明 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191
北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心, 北京 100191
重大疾病流行病学教育部重点实验室(北京大学), 北京 100191 
 
张路霞 北京大学第一医院肾脏内科, 北京大学肾脏病研究所, 北京 100034
北京大学健康医疗大数据国家研究院, 北京 100191 
 
吕筠 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系, 北京 100191
北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心, 北京 100191
重大疾病流行病学教育部重点实验室(北京大学), 北京 100191
血管稳态与重构全国重点实验室, 北京 100191 
lvjun@bjmu.edu.cn 
代表中国慢性病前瞻性研究项目协作组   
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中文摘要:
      目的 分析中国成年人BMI和腰围与慢性肾脏病(CKD)及其各亚型发病风险之间的关联。方法 利用中国慢性病前瞻性研究数据,剔除基线自报患有恶性肿瘤、冠心病、脑卒中和CKD者,最终纳入480 430例研究对象。身高、体重和腰围为基线测量。将满足以下任意一种诊断定义为总CKD事件:糖尿病肾病(DKD)、高血压肾病(HTN)、肾小球肾炎(GN)、小管间质性肾炎(CTIN)和梗阻性肾病(ON)、其他病因导致的肾病、慢性肾衰竭。采用Cox比例风险回归模型分析暴露因素与各结局风险间的关联。结果 研究对象随访(11.8±2.2)年,随访期间共记录5 486例新发总CKD事件,其中DKD 1 147例,HTN 340例,GN 1 458例,CTIN 460例,ON 598例,其他病因导致的肾病418例,慢性肾衰竭1 065例。调整社会人口学特征、生活方式、基线高血压、糖尿病的患病情况以及腰围后,与BMI(kg/m2)分类为正常(18.5~23.9)的研究对象相比,体重过低(<18.5)、超重(24.0~27.9)和肥胖(≥28.0)的研究对象总CKD发病的风险比(HR)值(95%CI)分别为1.42(1.23~1.63)、1.00(0.93~1.08)和0.98(0.87~1.10)。按腰围进行分层后,在非中心性肥胖者(腰围:男性<85.0 cm、女性<80.0 cm)中,BMI与总CKD发病风险呈负相关(HR=0.97,95%CI:0.96~0.99);在中心性肥胖者(男性≥90.0 cm、女性≥85.0 cm)中,两者呈正相关(HR=1.03,95%CI:1.01~1.05)。BMI与GN的关联类似总CKD。BMI每增加1.0 kg/m2,HTN发病HR值(95%CI)为1.12(1.06~1.18)。调整潜在的混杂因素和BMI后,与非中心性肥胖者相比,中心性肥胖前期(腰围:男性85.0~89.9 cm、女性80.0~84.9 cm)和中心性肥胖的研究对象总CKD发病的HR值(95%CI)分别为1.26(1.16~1.36)和1.32(1.20~1.45)。腰围与除HTN和CTIN外的所有亚型发病风险均呈正相关。结论 BMI分类的体重过低和中心性肥胖是总CKD的独立危险因素,BMI和腰围与不同CKD亚型发病风险间的关联存在差异。
英文摘要:
      Objective To examine the associations of BMI and waist circumference (WC) with the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its subtypes in adults in China. Methods The data from the China Kadoorie Biobank were used. After excluding those with cancer, coronary heart disease, stroke, or CKD at baseline survey, 480 430 participants were included in this study. Their body height and weight, and WC were measured at baseline survey. Total CKD was defined as diabetic kidney disease (DKD), hypertensive nephropathy (HTN), glomerulonephritis (GN), chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (CTIN), obstructive nephropathy (ON), CKD due to other causes, and chronic kidney failure. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the associations between exposure factors and risks of outcomes. Results During a follow-up period of (11.8±2.2) years, 5 486 cases of total CKD were identified, including 1 147 cases of DKD, 340 cases of HTN, 1 458 cases of GN, 460 cases of CTIN, 598 cases of ON, 418 cases of CKD due to other causes, and 1 065 cases of chronic kidney failure. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, lifestyle factors, baseline prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, and WC and compared to participants with normal BMI (18.5-23.9 kg/m2), the hazard ratios (HRs) of total CKD for underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), overweight (24.0-27.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥28.0 kg/m2) were 1.42 (95%CI: 1.23-1.63), 1.00 (95%CI: 0.93-1.08) and 0.98 (95%CI: 0.87-1.10), respectively. Stratification analysis by WC showed that BMI was negatively associated with risk for total CKD in non-central obese participants (WC: <85.0 cm in men and <80.0 cm in women) (HR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.96-0.99), while the association was positive in central obese participants (≥90.0 cm in men and ≥85.0 cm in women) (HR=1.03, 95%CI: 1.01-1.05). The association between BMI and GN was similar to that of total CKD. BMI was associated with an increased risk for HTN, with a HR of 1.12 (95%CI: 1.06-1.18) per 1.0 kg/m2 higher BMI. After adjusting for potential confounders and BMI, compared to participants with non-central obesity, the HRs for pre-central obesity (WC: 85.0-89.9 cm in men and 80.0-84.9 in women) and central obesity were 1.26 (95%CI: 1.16-1.36) and 1.32 (95%CI: 1.20-1.45), respectively. With the exception of HTN and CTIN, WC was positively associated with risks for all CKD subtypes. Conclusions BMI-defined underweight and central obesity were independent risk factors for total CKD, and BMI and WC had different associations with risks for disease subtypes.
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