| 尹晓林,江婷婷,王士玉,王德征.天津市2003-2021年伤害死亡对期望寿命性别差异的影响[J].中华流行病学杂志,2024,45(8):1084-1092 |
| 天津市2003-2021年伤害死亡对期望寿命性别差异的影响 |
| The impact of injury deaths on gender gap in life expectancy in Tianjin from 2003 to 2021 |
| 收稿日期:2024-04-24 出版日期:2024-08-22 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240424-00214 |
| 中文关键词: 期望寿命性别差异 伤害 期望寿命 |
| 英文关键词: Gender gap in life expectancy Injury Life expectancy |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 量化伤害相关死亡对于期望寿命性别差异（GGLE）的影响。方法 采用简略寿命表法对2003-2021年天津市户籍居民死因监测数据进行分析，分性别计算期望寿命。应用SPSS 24.0软件计算天津市户籍居民伤害标化死亡率。使用Arriaga死因分解法计算2003年和2021年伤害相关死亡对特定年龄和城乡GGLE的影响。结果 2003-2021年天津市GGLE为2.63~4.47岁。男性伤害死亡率大幅下降，女性没有明显变化。伤害死亡率下降对男性19年间期望寿命增量的贡献为0.47岁（13.68%），明显高于女性（0.06岁，1.09%）。2021年伤害死亡导致的GGLE（0.34岁，7.64%）低于2003年（0.54岁，20.40%），且在农村地区降低更多。相比2003年，2021年5~49岁组伤害死亡对GGLE的贡献率降低最明显，累计降低了12.11%。机动车以外的运输事故、机动车辆交通事故、淹死、意外中毒和触电的贡献率均降低，只有机动车辆交通事故贡献率位次上升，位于2021年GGLE伤害死亡贡献率第一位。自杀的贡献率在25~29岁组中明显升高；意外跌落的贡献率在50~79岁组中升高，在≥85岁组中降低；其他意外事故和有害效应的贡献率在≥85岁组中降低明显。结论 天津市女性的伤害干预应受到更多关注，尤其是预防≥85岁老年女性发生意外跌落以及其他意外事故和有害效应。男性伤害的预防仍不容忽视，应努力降低天津市农村地区男性机动车辆交通事故死亡率，重视男性尤其是25~29岁男性的自杀干预以及预防50~79岁中老年男性发生意外跌落。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To quantify the impact of injury-related deaths on the gender gap in life expectancy (GGLE). Methods Abbreviated life table was used to analyse Tianjin residents' cause of death surveillance data from 2003 to 2021, and life expectancy was calculated by gender. SPSS 24.0 software was applied to calculate the injury-standardised mortality rate of Tianjin residents. The Arriaga decomposition method was used to calculate the effects of injury-related deaths on age-specific and urban-rural GGLE in 2003 and 2021. Results The GGLE in Tianjin from 2003 to 2021 ranged from 2.63 to 4.47 years. Injury mortality rates declined significantly in males and showed no significant change in females. the incremental increase in life expectancy over the 19 years was 0.47 years (13.68%) for males, significantly higher than that for females (0.06 years, 1.09%). The GGLE caused by injury deaths in 2021 (0.34 years, 7.64%) decreased compared with 2003 (0.54 years, 20.40%) and decreased more in rural areas. Compared to 2003, the most significant reduction in the contribution rate of injury deaths on the GGLE was observed in the 5-49 age group in 2021, with a cumulative reduction of 12.11%. The contribution rates of transport accidents excluding motor vehicles, motor vehicle traffic accidents, drowning, accidental poisoning, and electrocution all decreased, with only motor vehicle traffic accidents increasing in rank, taking the first place in the injury contribution rates for 2021. The contribution rate of suicide was significantly higher in the 25-29 age group. The contribution of accidental falls was higher in the 50-79 age group and lower in the ≥85 age group, and that of other accidents and adverse effects was significantly lower in the ≥85 age group. Conclusions Injury interventions for females in Tianjin should receive more attention, especially in preventing unintentional falls and other accidents and adverse effects among elderly females aged ≥85. Injury prevention for males should not be neglected, and efforts should be made to reduce the mortality rate of motor vehicle traffic accidents among males in rural areas of Tianjin. Attention should be paid to suicide intervention for males, especially those aged 25-29, and to prevent accidental falls among middle-aged and elderly males aged 50-79. |
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