| 陈斌,许晶,马萍,贺妮楠,郝泉,何逸凡,余鹏博,冯瑄,张蕾.陕西省2014-2023年流感暴发疫情流行特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2024,45(8):1120-1125 |
| 陕西省2014-2023年流感暴发疫情流行特征分析 |
| Epidemiologic characteristics of influenza outbreaks in Shaanxi Province, 2014-2023 |
| 收稿日期:2024-04-10 出版日期:2024-08-22 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240410-00182 |
| 中文关键词: 流感 暴发 流行病学特征 病原学 |
| 英文关键词: Influenza Outbreak Epidemiology characteristics Etiology |
| 基金项目:陕西省重点研发计划（2024SF-YBXM-292） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析陕西省2014-2023年流感暴发疫情流行特征和病原谱变化规律，为加强区域流感防控提供参考依据。方法 资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统和中国流感监测信息系统，收集陕西省2014-2023年报告流感暴发疫情事件的现场流行病学调查信息和流感网络实验室的病原学检测结果，对流感暴发疫情时间、地区和场所分布进行描述性分析。采用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 2014-2023年陕西省共报告流感暴发疫情386起，总罹患率为1.81%（14 880/821 001）。疫情高峰期主要集中在冬春季（11月至次年3月），且不同年度疫情高峰期存在早晚交替规律（早高峰期在12月，晚高峰期在次年3月）；疫情地区主要集中在陕西省南部秦巴山区（209起，54.15%）和关中平原区（173起，44.82%），疫情场所主要分布在小学（239起，61.92%），不同疫情地区和场所的分布差异有统计学意义（均P<0.001）；暴发疫情病原谱以A（H3N2）亚型流感病毒为主（849例，57.76%），不同年度的疫情高峰期呈现A（H3N2）亚型、B（Victoria）系和A（H1N1）pdm09亚型流感病毒交替占优势的规律。结论 2014-2023年陕西省流感暴发疫情高峰期主要集中在冬春季，陕西省南部秦巴山区和关中平原区的小学为重点防控对象。防控工作应密切关注优势毒株的变化趋势。高发季节应针对高发地区、高发场所，采取积极有效的干预措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen spectrum of influenza outbreaks in Shaanxi Province from 2014 to 2023 and provide basis reference for strengthening regional influenza prevention and control. Methods The data were collected from the Public Health Emergency Management Information System of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and the China Influenza Surveillance Information System. On-site epidemiological investigation information and etiological test results of influenza network laboratories reported in Shaanxi Province during 2014-2023 were collected, and descriptive analysis was conducted on the time, region, and location distribution of influenza outbreaks. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 386 influenza outbreaks were reported in Shaanxi from 2014 to 2023, with a total attack rate of 1.81% (14 880/821 001). The epidemic peaks mainly occurred in winter and spring (November to March of the following year), and there was an alternating pattern of epidemic peaks in different years (the early peak was in December, and the late peak was in March of the following year). The epidemic areas were mainly concentrated in the Qinba Mountains of southern Shaanxi (209, 54.15%) and Guanzhong Plain (173, 44.82%). The epidemic places were mainly distributed in primary schools (239, 61.92%), and the differences of epidemic areas and places were statistically significant (all P<0.001). Influenza A(H3N2) viruses were the predominant pathogen in the outbreak (849, 57.76%), and influenza A(H3N2), B (Victoria) lineage and A(H1N1)pdm09 virus alternately dominated the epidemic peak in different years. Conclusions The peak of influenza outbreaks in Shaanxi Province was winter and spring during 2014-2023. Primary schools in the Qinba Mountains of southern Shaanxi and Guanzhong Plain should be targeted for prevention and control. In the prevention and control programs, close attention should be paid to the changing trend of dominant strains. Effective intervention measures should be targeted to the high-incidence areas and seasons. |
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