| 吴洵,苏健,杜文聪,陈路路,崔岚,陶然,周金意,覃玉.江苏省中老年人群高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常共病现况及影响因素研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2024,45(8):1134-1142 |
| 江苏省中老年人群高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常共病现况及影响因素研究 |
| Study on the comorbidity status and influencing factors of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among middle-aged and older people in Jiangsu Province |
| 收稿日期:2024-01-18 出版日期:2024-08-22 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240118-00026 |
| 中文关键词: 高血压 糖尿病 血脂异常 共病 |
| 英文关键词: Hypertension Diabetes Dyslipidemia Comorbidity |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析江苏省中老年人群高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常（三高）共病现况及影响因素，为“三高共管”提供理论支持。方法 数据来源于江苏省心脑血管疾病综合防控项目。将2021-2023年参与基线调查的≥35岁常住居民136 433人作为研究对象，进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。采用SPSS 23.0软件建立无序多分类logistic回归模型分析三高共病的影响因素。结果 江苏省中老年人群三高共病率为7.3%，高血压合并血脂异常是最主要的共病模式，糖尿病患者中共病占比最多。无序多分类logistic回归分析显示，在2种类型的共病中，男性、年龄增长、城市居民、高中/中专、吸烟频率越高、饮酒频率越高、每日静态行为时间越长，共病的风险越高；身体活动程度高和每日睡眠时间长，共病的风险低。在3种类型的共病中，男性、年龄增长、高中/中专、经常吸烟、已戒烟、饮酒频率越高、每日静态行为时间越长，共病的风险越高；家庭年收入30 000~99 999元、身体活动程度越高、每日睡眠时间7 h的共病风险相对较低（均P<0.05）。结论 江苏省中老年人群三高共病防控管理还有待于加强。重点关注男性、低收入、高中/中专等高危人群的三高患病及共病风险。针对中老年人群需增加日常身体活动，减少每日静态行为时间，合理安排睡眠时长，及早戒烟戒酒维持健康体重。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the comorbidity status and influencing factors of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among middle-aged and elderly in Jiangsu Province and to provide support for "co-management of the three diseases". Methods Data originated from the Comprehensive Prevention and Control Project of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases baseline survey in Jiangsu Province. Questionnaire interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory tests were conducted on 136 433 permanent residents aged ≥35 years who participated in the survey from 2021 to 2023. A multinomial logit model was established using SPSS 23.0 to analyze the influencing factors of the three comorbidities. Results The comorbidity rate of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among middle-aged and older adults in Jiangsu Province was 7.3%. Hypertension combined with dyslipidemia was the main comorbidity pattern, and patients with diabetes accounted for the largest proportion. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of being two types of the three comorbidities was higher in male, aging, urban residents, and those with high/technical secondary school, higher frequency of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking, and longer daily sedentary time; the risk was lower in those with higher the level of physical activity and longer daily sleep time. Among the three types of comorbidities, males with aging, high/technical secondary school, regular smoking/quitting, higher frequency of alcohol drinking, and longer daily sedentary time had higher risk; those with an annual family income of 30 000-99 999 RMB, higher level of physical activity, and the daily sleep time of 7 hours had the lower risk (all P<0.05). Conclusions The prevention and control of the three comorbidities among middle-aged and older adults in Jiangsu Province still needs strengthening. High-risk groups for the three diseases and comorbidities, such as males, low-income, and high/technical secondary school should be focused on. Middle-aged and older adults are suggested to increase daily physical activity, reduce daily static time, reasonably arrange sleep duration, and quit smoking and drinking as early as possible to maintain a healthy weight. |
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