| 唐仁海,杨跃诚,叶润华,项丽芬,龚渝蓉,杨世江,周群博,段星,段松,单多.2000-2023年云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州新报告中国籍和缅甸籍HIV感染者流行特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2024,45(12):1633-1638 |
| 2000-2023年云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州新报告中国籍和缅甸籍HIV感染者流行特征分析 |
| Epidemic characteristics of HIV-infected people among Chinese and Burmese in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, 2000-2023 |
| 收稿日期:2024-06-02 出版日期:2024-12-16 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240602-00322 |
| 中文关键词: 艾滋病病毒/艾滋病 流行特征 趋势 |
| 英文关键词: HIV/AIDS Epidemic characteristics Trends |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 唐仁海 | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心, 芒市 678400 | | | 杨跃诚 | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心, 芒市 678400 | | | 叶润华 | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心, 芒市 678400 | | | 项丽芬 | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心, 芒市 678400 | | | 龚渝蓉 | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心, 芒市 678400 | | | 杨世江 | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心, 芒市 678400 | | | 周群博 | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心, 芒市 678400 | | | 段星 | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心, 芒市 678400 | | | 段松 | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心, 芒市 678400 | | | 单多 | 中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心综合防治与政策室, 北京 102206 | shanduo@chinaaids.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州（德宏州）新报告中国籍和缅甸籍HIV感染者流行特征及趋势，为制定针对缅甸籍人群的艾滋病防治策略提供参考依据。方法 资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统2000-2023年德宏州新报告中国籍和缅甸籍感染者信息。分析不同国籍、社会人口学特征的HIV感染者分布特征，采用Joinpoint回归模型分析不同性别、民族和年龄的新发现率时间变化趋势。结果 2000-2023年德宏州新报告HIV感染者24 989例，中国籍和缅甸籍分别为14 594例（58.4%）和10 395例（41.6%）。与中国籍相比，缅甸籍的女性（32.9%，3 416/10 395）、20~29岁（40.9%，4 248/10 395）、景颇族（26.7%，2 773/10 395）的比例更多。德宏州报告中国籍HIV感染者新发现率从2000年的1.0/万上升至2004年的15.4/万，后呈下降趋势，2023年降至1.2/万。其中，20~49岁组、景颇族和男性的HIV新发现率相对更高，分别为1.7/万、2.3/万和1.3/万。关于发现方式，中国籍以重点人群检测为主（35.7%），缅甸籍以重点人群检测（28.9%）和出入境人员体检（25.3%）为主。2个国籍的感染途径均以异性性传播为主，但与中国籍HIV感染者相比，缅甸籍感染者中经非婚非商业性传播的比例较高（66.4%比60.6%）。首次CD4+T淋巴细胞（CD4）计数<200个/μl的比例中国籍（28.9%）高于缅甸籍（19.8%）。结论 2000-2023年德宏州新报告中国籍和缅甸籍HIV感染者新发现率上升趋势有所减缓。20~49岁组、景颇族和男性的HIV新发现率较高。与缅甸籍HIV感染者相比，中国籍感染者首次CD4计数<200个/μl的比例较高。应进一步开展针对缅甸籍人群的综合干预，并持续推动中国籍人群扩大检测工作。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and trends of newly reported HIV-infected people among Chinese and Burmese in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (Dehong Prefecture) of Yunnan Province, China, from 2000 to 2023, and provide evidence for formμlating AIDS prevention and control measures for the Burmese living in Dehong. Methods The data were obtained from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System. The distribution of HIV-infected people with different population characteristics was analyzed, and the Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trend of crude detection rate in different genders, ethnicities, and ages. Results From 2000 to 2023, 24 989 newly HIV infections were reported in Dehong Prefecture, of which 14 594 (58.4%) were Chinese and 10 395 (41.6%) were Burmese. Compared with Chinese, Burmese women (32.9%, 3 416/10 395), those aged 20-29 (40.9%, 4 248/10 395), and Jingpo people (26.7%, 2 773/10 395) accounted for a higher proportion. The new diagnosis rate of Chinese nationals increased from 1.0/10 000 in 2000 to 15.4/10 000 in 2004, and then showed a downward trend, falling to 1.2/10 000 in 2023. Among them, compared with other age groups, Dai and other ethnic groups and women, the new diagnosis rate among 20-49 age group, Jingpo and men were relatively higher, at 1.7/10 000, 2.3/10 000 and 1.3/10 000 respectively. Regarding the method of detection, the Chinese HIV-infected people were mainly detected by key population testing (35.7%), while the Burmese HIV-infected people by key population testing (28.9%) and physical examination for entry-exit personnel (25.3%). The transmission routes of both nationalities were mainly heterosexual transmission, but compared with Chinese HIV-infected persons, the proportion of Burmese infected persons through non-marital non-commercial transmission was relatively higher (66.4% vs. 60.6%). The proportion of Chinese nationals with a first CD4+T lymphocyte (CD4) counts of <200 cells/μl (28.9%) was higher than that of Burmese nationals (19.8%). Conclusions The rising trend of HIV infection among Chinese and Burmese people in Dehong Prefecture from 2000 to 2023 slowed down. The new diagnosis rate was higher in the 20-49 age group, Jingpo and men. Compared with Burmese HIV-infected people, the proportion of Chinese HIV-infected people with first CD4 counts <200 cells/μl was relatively higher. Comprehensive interventions should be further carried out for Myanmar nationals, and efforts should be made to expand testing for Chinese nationals. |
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