| 娄红,刘明欣,宋书铭,李启明,刘爱红,徐国雄,傅炳南.农村环境卫生改良对控制腹泻病的效果评价和经济效益分析[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,1990,11(3):170-174 |
| 农村环境卫生改良对控制腹泻病的效果评价和经济效益分析 |
| Effectiveness Evaluation and Cost-Effectiveness Estimate for Diarrhea Control by Enviroment Improvement in Rural Area |
| Received:May 17, 1988 |
| DOI： |
| KeyWord: 环境卫生 集中式供水 粪便无害化处理 腹泻病控制 经济效益 |
| English Key Word: Enviroment improvement Central water supply Excreta disposal Diarrhea control Cost-benefit analysis |
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| Abstract: |
| 河南省长葛农村经饮水改良和粪便无害化处理后使腹泻病得到控制。试验村1983年腹泻发病率为48%,1986年建起简易集中式供水系统后发病率降至28.2%;改水后再加上修建双瓮漏斗型厕所,使腹泻发病率降至11.08%,较1983年下降76.92势。单纯改水使4岁以下儿童发病减少3/4;改水和改厕可使各年龄组发病率降低54%~79%,对降低6~10月腹泻发病高峰效果显著,但病原分布无明显差异。该两项措施人均投资46.31元,一年内由疾病减少、节省挑水劳力和积肥可获23.53元效益,效益与费用比值(BCR)为0.51。预计总投资可在2年内自身偿还,第三年及以后的BCR为4.42。 |
| English Abstract: |
| Diarrhea diseases had been controlled by improving water supplies and excreta disposal facility in Changge coun tv.Henan.In 1983, the morbidity rate of diarrhea was 48^ in trial village.After central water supply was established in 1986, the rate was decreased to 28.2%, and was further reduced to 11.08% by both improvement of water supplies toilets. In comparison with 1983, the reduction of the rale was 76.9%. The results stowed that the two measures had a great impact on reduction of patien ts with diarrhea during the peak period from June to Oct.The patients below age four were three fourth reduced by improved water supply only.In comparison with control village, the morbidity rates of all age groups were reduced 54~79% by both improvement of water supplies and toilets. But there Was no significant difference in the distribution of the pathogens. Both measures cost 46 Yuan per capita.The annual benefit of 23.5 Yuan per capita was obtained from reducing the diseases and saving working force and fertilizer.It was estimated that the total costs will be paied in 2 years and cost-benefit ratio will be 4.4 after 2 years. |
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