新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫的远期效果考核(11年随访结果)

林曦敏; 徐志一; 欧阳佩英; 吴维寿; 邵志萍; 应庆茹; 曹惠霖; 刘崇柏

Abstract

林曦敏,徐志一,欧阳佩英,吴维寿,邵志萍,应庆茹,曹惠霖,刘崇柏.新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫的远期效果考核(11年随访结果)[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,1999,20(3):174-177

新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫的远期效果考核(11年随访结果)

Long-term ef ficacy study of hepatitis B vaccination in newborns-results of 11 years follow-up

Received:November 26, 1998 Revised:January 05, 1999

DOI：

KeyWord: 乙型肝炎疫苗随访研究乙型肝炎表面抗原

English Key Word: Hepatitis B vaccine Follow-up study Hepatitis B surface antigen

FundProject:

Author Name	Affiliation
LIN Ximin	Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200032
XU Zhiyi	Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200032
OU-YANG Peiying	Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200032
吴维寿	上海市南市区卫生防疫站
邵志萍	上海市南市区卫生防疫站
应庆茹	上海市南市区卫生防疫站
曹惠霖	中国预防医学科学院病毒学研究所
刘崇柏	中国预防医学科学院病毒学研究所

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Abstract:

目的研究新生儿乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗接种的远期效果和加强免疫的必要性。方法对上海市南市区1986年出生时接种乙肝疫苗的儿童至少隔年随访一次,抽血检测HBsAg、抗-HBc和抗-HBs。在第5年,对同年出生但未接种过乙肝疫苗的邻近行政区儿童进行调查,以此作为外对照计算疫苗的远期保护效果。结果11年HBsAg阳性率在0.46%~0.98%之间,平均0.70%(25/3578),大大低于免前本底对照和外对照,而且没有随免后时间的延长而升高的趋势。同外对照相比首针接种后5年的保护效果为85.42%(95%可信区间:70.11%~100%)。结论新生儿首针接种后11年内无加强免疫的必要,是否或何时加强,尚需进一步随访。

English Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the long -term efficacy of hepatitis B( HB) vaccination in newborns and the need for a booster dose. This research is one of the longest HB vaccine follow-up studies in the world with its subjects came from a program of universal infant HB vaccination.Methods Children who were born in 1986 and immunized with hepatit is B vaccine at birth were followed up at least once a year. Serum HBsAg , anti-HBc and anti-HBs were tested. At the 5th year after the first dose the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the children in other district who were also born in 1986 and remained unvaccinated was surveyed as external controls. Random sampling was applied and the possible bias was analyzed. T he tr ends of the positive rates of serum HBsAg , anti-HBs and anti-HBc in the immunized cohort were studied. With ex ternal control, the long-term efficacy of HB vaccination was calculated. Results The positive rates of HBsAg in the vaccine group from the first to eleventh year were 0. 46% -0. 98% and way below than those of baseline and external control.HBsA g rates in the cohort at different ag es w er e similar w ith an average of 0. 70% ( 25/ 3 578) . The long -term efficacy of newborn vaccination w as 85. 42% ( 95% confidant interval: 70. 11% -100% ) .Conclusions T he efficacy of HB v accine was long-lasting and a booster dose was not necessary at least up to age 11 years.

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