| 李中杰,陈曙旸,周静,吴宜群.25家综合性医院急诊科中毒自杀未遂病例分析[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2004,25(4):285-287 |
| 25家综合性医院急诊科中毒自杀未遂病例分析 |
| The study of poisoning-suicide-attempted patients in emergency departments of 25 hospitals in China |
| Received:October 21, 2003 |
| DOI： |
| KeyWord: 自杀未遂 中毒 医院急诊科 |
| English Key Word: Suicide attempt Poisoning Hospital emergency department |
| FundProject:科技部科技基础性工作专项基金资助项目 |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的了解医院急诊科收治的中毒自杀未遂病例发生的特点、规律以及救治情况.方法对全国25家综合医院急诊科2001年7月1日至2002年6月30日期间收治的中毒患者进行调查,制定统一的病例信息登记表收集数据,重点对中毒未遂病例进行分析.结果在调查期间内共收治中毒自杀未遂患者4060例.男女性别比为 1∶2.95,绝大多数为口服毒物(占 98.40%),发生地点主要是在家中,合计3886例( 93.57%).自杀未遂者的平均年龄为 31.5岁,最小8岁,最大93岁.患者主要职业构成:农民排在首位,占近 1/3( 31.01%),然后依次是家务( 10.84%)、待业( 10.67%)、服务业( 9.21%)和学生( 8.82%)等.药物和农药是自杀未遂中毒的主要毒物,分别为2204例( 54.29%)和1455例( 35.84%),其中,药物以安定类为主,农药主要是有机磷和杀鼠剂.大多数首诊中毒自杀未遂病例在 1 h内就能送往医院急诊科接受抢救.县级医院中毒自杀未遂病例占中毒病例的比重显著高于省市级医院;省市、县级医院病例的性别构成差异有显著性( P<0.05);省市医院病例的首位中毒物质是药物,而县医院病例的首位毒物是农药.结论医院急诊科收治的中毒自杀未遂病例占中毒病例的很大一部分,农民、妇女自杀以及安定类药物、农药自杀等问题比较突出,应加强高危人群的教育引导,规范药物和农药的管理,并进一步提高医院急诊科对中毒患者的抢救能力. |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective This study aimed to develop an estimate of the actuality and characteristics of poisoning suicide attempted patients in emergency department(ED) in China. Methods We selected 25 hospital EDs in whole country as the investigation spots, and designed one special questionnaire to collect information from the poisoning suicide attempted patients from 1st July, 2001 to 30th June, 2002. Results Results were based on 4060 cases hospitalized during the investigating period. In general frequency analysis, the ratio of male to female was 1: 2. 95. In all patients, 98. 40 % cases took poisons orally, and 93. 57% cases occurred at home. The average age was 31. 5 years old (min 8, max 93). The leading occupations of cases were farmers, unemployed.house-wives,jobless, service people and students. The main types of poisons were druggery (54. 29 %) and pesticide (35. 84 %). 2044 cases (59. 23 %) were cured timely(in 1 hour). When comparing cases from rural hospitals(RHs) and urban hospitals(UHs): ratio of poisoning attempted suicides in RHs to all poisoning cases was higher than UHs with significant gender difference (P 0. 05). UHs number one cause of poisoning was druggery, but in RHs it was pesticide. Conclusion Poisoning attempted suicide was very serious in China. Farmers and women were among the high--risk groups. Druggery and pesticide were the primary poisons, suggesting that management enforcement was in urgent need. |
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