中国人群2002年对感染性疾病的知识、态度和行为现状调查

马杰民; 刘娜; 陈爱平; 杨功焕

Abstract

马杰民,刘娜,陈爱平,杨功焕.中国人群2002年对感染性疾病的知识、态度和行为现状调查[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2005,26(6):389-393

中国人群2002年对感染性疾病的知识、态度和行为现状调查

Study on knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding infectious diseases among Chinese people in 2002

Received:February 24, 2005

DOI：

KeyWord: 病毒性肝炎性病艾滋病中国人群

English Key Word: Hepatitis Sexually transmitted diseases Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Chinese population

FundProject:科技部专项课题基金资助项目(2001DEB30077)

Author Name	Affiliation
MA Jie-min	Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
LIU Na	Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
CHEN Ai-ping	Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
YANG Gong-huan	Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China

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Abstract:

目的描述2002年中国人群对感染性疾病的知识、态度和行为的流行水平以及在不同教育水平、职业和地区人群中的分布。方法使用32个问题,利用2002年普查人口进行加权计算不同类别人群对肝炎、性病/艾滋病的传播途径和预防措施的知识知晓率、性病的自报患病率、患性病后的就医情况以及艾滋病预防知识的来源分布。结果绝大多数调查对象都认为肝炎、性病/艾滋病是中国的严重卫生问题,但对传播途径并未真正了解,加上恐惧,导致分别有27.6%和30.1%的人认为握手能够感染性病/艾滋病;9.9%的人报告过去1年中使用安全套;有0.22%的人报告过去5年中患过性病,男、女性分别为0.34%和0.09%,城市和农村人群分别为0.42%和0.16%;75%的性病患者报告去过专科医院求治,38.2%的人去过私人诊所,还有26.7%曾自购药品治疗;47.0%的人得到过预防艾滋病的健康教育材料,或从医务人员、各类媒体中得到预防艾滋病的信息,12.1%的人报告过去1年医务人员告诉他们使用安全套预防性病/艾滋病。结论中国人群对肝炎、性病/艾滋病的认识普遍匮乏,尤其是农村以及西部地区人群。随着普通人群患艾滋病的危险性增加,在今后数十年内,艾滋病会给中国带来极大的疾病负担。

English Abstract:

Objective To describe knowledg e, attitudes and behaviors on infectious diseases in differ ent Chinese populatio ns by their education levels, o ccupation and resident ial distr icts. Methods Data regar ding awareness of the transmission r outes and prevention str ategies on hepatitis, sexually transmitted diseases(STD), acquired immune deficiency sy ndr ome (AIDS) and pr evalence rates on a) self reported STD b) seeking tr eatment for STD c) source of know ledge on AIDS prev ention, were calculated based on results from 17 questions of BRFS questionnaire by w eight on age structures from 2000 census. Results Most people realized that hepat itis, STD and AIDS were important issues in public health. How ev er, their awareness on the transmission routes of these diseases was not satisfied. Moreover, due to the fear of these diseases, 27. 6% and 30. 1% of the people studied thoug ht that shaking hands with STD patients and HIV carriers could get infected. 9. 9% of the people repor ted that they ever used a condom dur ing the past year.2. 2/1000 of the people reported that they had ever suffer ed fr om STD during the past 5 years, with 3. 4/1000 in males, 0. 9/1000 in females, 4. 2/1000 in urban population and 1. 6/1000 in rural po pulatio n. Among t hese STD patients, 75. 0% of them reported that they had ever received treatment in a STD clinic including 38. 2% of them reporting that they had ever received treatment in pr ivate clinics without license,and 6. 7% of t hem reported that they had ever tr eated by drugs bought by t hemselves. 47. 0% of people reported that they had received health education mater ials or information on AIDS prevention from medical workers or through media. 12. 1% of the people had been informed that condom use could prevent from STD and AIDS transmission. Conclusion The aw ar eness on hepatitis, STD and AIDS was quite insufficient in the Chinese gener al population, especially in rural and western part of China. With the development of AIDS epidemic fr om people with high risk behav ior to the gener al po pulation, China willunder take tremendous disease burdens from AIDS in the future.

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