| 闫淑娟,朱雪娜.北京市2003－2012年5岁以下儿童意外死亡流行病学分析[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2014,35(5):562-565 |
| 北京市2003－2012年5岁以下儿童意外死亡流行病学分析 |
| Epidemiological study on the trend of accidental deaths among children under five in Beijing，during 2003-2012 |
| Received:October 23, 2013 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2014.05.020 |
| KeyWord: 伤害 意外死亡 趋势 5岁以下儿童 |
| English Key Word: Injury Accidental death Trend Children under 5 years old |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的 了解北京市<5岁儿童意外死亡的流行病学分布特点和变化趋势。 方法 收集2003－2012年北京市<5岁儿童死亡病例资料，分析意外死亡发生强度、变化趋势、主要意外死因及其流行病学分布。 结果 2003－2012年北京市<5岁儿童意外死亡占儿童总死亡的8.47%，儿童意外死亡率总体呈下降趋势（P<0.05），以溺水死亡率、1～4 岁儿童和农村<5 岁儿童意外死亡率下降趋势更为明显。2012年<5岁儿童意外死亡率为6.37/10万。5种主要意外死亡总例数由多到少排序依次为意外窒息、交通意外、意外跌落、意外中毒和溺水。意外死因构成显示，0～1岁主要为意外窒息，1～2岁主要为意外窒息和交通意外，3～4岁以交通意外为主；随儿童年龄增长，交通意外死因所占构成比逐增。意外死亡地区分布显示，意外死亡主要发生在农村（占52.19%），以交通意外和意外窒息为主。 结论 北京市<5 岁儿童意外死亡率降低的原因为 1～4岁儿童和农村儿童意外死亡率下降。应重点预防0～2岁幼儿意外窒息和1～4岁儿童交通意外。 |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective To study the trend of accidental death among children under 5 years of age in Beijing．Methods Cases of death in children under 5 years old in Beijing，during 2003-2012 were collected，to analyze the strength and trends of accidental death，main causes of accident and its epidemiological features. Results The overall accidental death was 8.47% of all death among children under 5 years old in Beijing during 2003-2012. During these 10 years，data showed a downward trend on the mortality rates on injuries（P<0.05），especially on drowning，in 1-4 year old and rural children under five years of age. In 2012，the accidental death rate of children under five was6.37/105. The 5 main causes of accidental deaths were suffocation，traffic accident，falling，poisoningand drowning，in order of size. The main causes of death were suffocation in the 0-1 year group，suffocation and traffic accident in the 1-2 year group and traffic accident in the 3-4 year group. The proportion of deaths due to traffic accident increased gradually with age. Area distribution showed that accidental deaths mainly happened in rural area（52.19%），with two main types as traffic accident and suffocation. Conclusion The reduction of accidental death rate among children under 5 years old in Beijing mainly was caused by the decline of accident mortality in 1-4 year old and children in the rural areas. Our data suggested that the focus in reducing the accidental death rate among children under 5 years old in Beijing should target on the prevention of infant suffocation and traffic accidents among the 1-4 year old，with rural areas in particular. |
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