中国老年人代谢综合征流行特征及其影响因素研究

闫慧敏; 张梅; 张笑; 夏云婷; 申涛; 赵振平; 陈志华; 黄正京; 王丽敏

Abstract

闫慧敏,张梅,张笑,夏云婷,申涛,赵振平,陈志华,黄正京,王丽敏.中国老年人代谢综合征流行特征及其影响因素研究[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2019,40(3):284-289

中国老年人代谢综合征流行特征及其影响因素研究

Study of epidemiological characteristics of metabolic syndrome and influencing factors in elderly people in China

Received:September 11, 2018

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.03.006

KeyWord: 代谢综合征危险因素老年人慢性病

English Key Word: Metabolic syndrome Risk factors Elderly Non-communicable disease

FundProject:国家重大公共卫生服务项目

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Yan Huimin	National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China Handan Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Handan 056008 China Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Zhang Mei	National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Zhang Xiao	National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Xia Yunting	National Center for Rural Water Supply Technical Guidance, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102200, China Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Shen Tao	Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Zhao Zhenping	National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Chen Zhihua	National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Huang Zhengjing	National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Wang Limin	National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China	wlm65@126.com

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Abstract:

目的探讨我国≥ 60岁老年人群MS流行特征及其影响因素，为其防控工作提供科学依据。方法数据来自2013年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测。采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法对31个省（自治区、直辖市）的298个监测县（区）辖区内人群进行抽样，将其中50 497名≥ 60岁老年人作为研究对象。根据2017年中华医学会糖尿病分会提出的中国人的MS诊断标准，比较MS不同分组间患病率的差异，分析MS与主要影响因素的关联性。结果我国老年人MS患病率为36.9%（95% CI：35.4~38.5），城市高于农村，女性高于男性，东部地区高于西部地区。≥ 70岁老年人MS患病率低于60~69岁老年人。高文化程度、高家庭收入的老年人群MS患病率高于低社会经济水平的老年人群。MS各组分患病率比较显示，高血压的患病率最高，为72.8%，其次为高血糖和中心性肥胖。年龄、性别、文化程度、地区和城乡是MS的主要影响因素，吸烟、饮酒和身体活动水平与MS具有相关性。结论我国老年人群中，女性MS患病风险高于男性，MS患病风险与社会经济水平和生活行为因素有关。建议对MS患病人群开展以增加运动和合理膳食为主的生活方式干预，高血压和高血糖患者在生活方式干预基础上需进行药物治疗，降低心血管疾病的发病和死亡风险。

English Abstract:

Objective To estimate the prevalence of MS in elderly people aged ≥ 60 years and its related factors in China and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of MS in the elderly. Methods Data used in this study were obtained from the 2013 Chinese Chronic Diseases and Risk Factor Surveillance Program. A total of 50 497 people aged ≥ 60 years were selected and interviewed through multistage stratified cluster sampling at 298 surveillance sites in 31 provinces. According to the Chinese MS diagnostic criteria proposed by the Chinese Medical Association Diabetes Branch in 2017, the prevalence rates of different MS forms were compared, and the main related factors were analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of MS was 36.9% (95% CI:35.4-38.5). The prevalence rate was higher in urban area than in the rural area, higher in females than in males, higher in eastern area than in western area. The prevalence rate of MS in elderly people aged ≥ 70 years was lower than that in those aged 60-69 years. The rate in the elderly with higher education and income levels was higher than that in the elderly with lower socioeconomic level. The comparison of the prevalence of the five forms of MS in the elderly showed that hypertension had the highest prevalence rate (72.8%), followed by hyperglycemia (41.7%) and central obesity (37.6%). The prevalence rates of hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C were 25.8% and 17.5%. The risk for MS in women was 1.20 times higher than that in men. Age, gender, education level, living area and urban or rural residence were the main factors influencing the prevalence of MS. Smoking, drinking and physical activity levels were correlated with MS. Conclusions The risk for MS was higher in women than in men in China's elderly population, and the risk was related to socioeconomic level and life behaviors. It is recommended to carry out lifestyle interventions, such as increasing exercise and having reasonable diet for the elderly patients with MS. Hypertension and diabetes patients also need to be treated with drugs to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality.

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