| 罗明,龚成,罗琴,李爱华,王雪,李茂中,谢会,王怡婷,张合润,黄芳.2015-2019年北京市肺炎衣原体流行特征分析[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2021,42(8):1466-1474 |
| 2015-2019年北京市肺炎衣原体流行特征分析 |
| Epidemiological characteristics of Chlamydia pneumoniae in cases with acute respiratory infection in Beijing, 2015-2019 |
| Received:May 22, 2021 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20210522-00421 |
| KeyWord: 急性呼吸道感染 肺炎衣原体 流行特征 基因型 |
| English Key Word: Acute respiratory infection Chlamydia pneumoniae Epidemiological characteristics Genotype |
| FundProject:急性呼吸道传染病病原谱和流行规律及重要病原变异变迁特征研究（2017ZX10103004） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Luo Ming | Department of Immunization, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China | | | Gong Cheng | Department of Immunization, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China | | | Luo Qin | School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China | | | Li Aihua | Department of Immunization, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China | | | Wang Xue | Department of Immunization, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China | | | Li Maozhong | Department of Immunization, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China | | | Xie Hui | Department of Immunization, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China | | | Wang Yiting | Department of Immunization, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China | | | Zhang Herun | Department of Immunization, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China | | | Huang Fang | Department of Immunization, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China | hhffxdd@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的 分析北京市2015-2019年急性呼吸道感染患者中肺炎衣原体感染者的流行特征。方法 利用北京市呼吸道病原体监测系统，收集全市35家哨点医院就诊的急性呼吸道感染患者流行病学资料，采集临床标本开展肺炎衣原体检测，并对阳性标本ompA基因的VD4区序列做进化分析。结果 2015-2019年，北京市急性呼吸道感染就诊患者中肺炎衣原体总体阳性率为0.34%（129/37 460），肺炎衣原体阳性率在每年3月升高，5月达到峰值，7月回落，持续时间约5~8个月，不同年份流行季可能提前或推迟1~2个月；每年流行季肺炎衣原体月阳性率均≥ 0.30%。5~44岁人群高发，其中10~14岁组肺炎衣原体阳性率最高；<25岁患者中，随年龄增加，感染肺炎衣原体的风险增加，≥ 25岁患者，随年龄增加，感染肺炎衣原体的风险降低；男、女性患者阳性率分别为0.33%（68/20 830）和0.37%（61/16 528），组间差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.486，P=0.486）；普通肺炎患者中的肺炎衣原体阳性率高于上呼吸道感染患者与重症肺炎患者（χ2=36.797，P<0.01）；40.31%（52/129）肺炎衣原体感染者标本中检出≥ 1种其他呼吸道病原体，排名前4位依次是：流感嗜血杆菌（15份）、肺炎链球菌（13份）、鼻病毒（8份）、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌（7份）；129份肺炎衣原体阳性标本中的101株经测序鉴定均为A型。结论 北京市肺炎衣原体每年呈单峰流行模式，流行季一般为3-7月，流行季节特征可用于与其他呼吸道病原体的鉴别诊断，5~44岁人群好发，基因型以A型为主；如果连续2个月肺炎衣原体核酸阳性率超过0.30%，可初步认为进入肺炎衣原体高流行期；肺炎衣原体感染发生肺炎后进展为重症肺炎的概率较高。 |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection among patients with acute respiratory infection in Beijing from 2015 to 2019. Methods The epidemiological data of acute respiratory infection patients from 35 sentinel hospitals in Beijing were collected by the respiratory pathogen surveillance system in Beijing. The clinical samples were collected to detect Chlamydia pneumoniae, and the sequence of the VD4 region of the ompA gene in positive samples was analyzed. Results From January 2015 to December 2019, the overall positive rate of Chlamydia pneumoniae among patients with acute respiratory infection in Beijing was 0.34% (129/37 460). The positive rate of Chlamydia pneumoniae generally increased in March, reaching the peak in May, and started to drop in July, with a duration of about 5-8 months. The epidemic season in different years fluctuated by 1-2 months. The positive monthly rate of Chlamydia pneumoniae was no less than 0.30% in every epidemic season. The positive rate of Chlamydia pneumoniae was the highest in the 5-44 years old group and the highest in 10-14 year-olds. The risk of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection increased with age in patients younger than 25 years old and decreased in those older one aged than 25 years of age. The positive rates in male and female patients were 0.33% (68/20 830) and 0.37% (61/16 528), respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2=0.486, P=0.486). The positive rate of Chlamydia pneumoniae in patients with common pneumonia was higher than that in patients with upper pneumonia and severe pneumonia (χ2=36.797, P<0.01). Other respiratory pathogens were also detected in the Chlamydia pneumoniae samples, and the top four pathogens appeared as Haemophilus influenzae (15 cases), Streptococcus pneumoniae (13 cases), Rhinovirus (8 cases), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (7 cases). 101 strains of 129 Chlamydia pneumoniae positive samples were identified as type A by sequencing. Conclusions The annual epidemic pattern of Chlamydia pneumoniae in Beijing, is unimodal, and the epidemic season generally appears from March to July. The seasonal characteristics of Chlamydia pneumoniae in Beijing can be used for the differential diagnosis of Chlamydia pneumoniae from other respiratory pathogens. Chlamydia pneumoniae is most common in people aged 5-44 years, and the primary genotype is type A. People aged 10-44 years old suffer the highest incidence. If the nucleic acid positive rate of Chlamydia pneumoniae exceeds 0.30% for two consecutive months, the high prevalence period of Chlamydia pneumoniae can be preliminarily expected. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection has a higher probability of progressing to severe pneumonia from general pneumonia. |
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