西北区域自然人群队列建设与实践

党少农; 戴江红; 张毓洪; 王新华; 马福昌; 颜虹

Abstract

党少农,戴江红,张毓洪,王新华,马福昌,颜虹.西北区域自然人群队列建设与实践[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2023,44(1):14-20

西北区域自然人群队列建设与实践

Design and practice of China Northwest General Population Cohort

Received:September 27, 2022

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220927-00822

KeyWord: 慢性非传染性疾病队列研究自然人群西北

English Key Word: Chronic and non-communicable disease Cohort study General population Northwestern China

FundProject:国家重点研发计划“精准医学研究”重点专项（2017YFC0907200）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Dang Shaonong	Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
Dai Jianghong	Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
Zhang Yuhong	Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
Wang Xinhua	Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
Ma Fuchang	Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Qinghai Provincial Center of Disease Prevention and Control, Xining 810007, China
Yan Hong	Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710061, China	yanhonge@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

预防和控制慢性非传染性疾病（慢性病）是我国面临的重要公共卫生问题。西北区域自然环境独特，人群健康状况与疾病特征具有鲜明的地域特色，为了满足深入研究该地区慢性病病因、机制和转归的迫切需求，根据西北区域特殊生态环境、人口规模和民族分布，于2017-2019年在陕西省、甘肃省、青海省、宁夏回族自治区和新疆维吾尔自治区建立西北区域自然人群队列，招募了117 644名35~74岁的多民族（汉族、回族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族和藏族）自然人群，调查队列成员的个体、环境及社会等多方面的基线暴露信息，采集外周血，分离血浆、血清和白膜层，形成各类生物样本90余万份，以-80 ℃储存于标准生物样本库。已开始用常规监测和主动随访相结合的方式进行长期随访观察。队列成员的平均年龄52.43岁，女性70 391名（59.8%），不同民族间的社会经济状况和生活方式存在一定差异，健康状况具有相似性但呈现出各自不同的特点。该队列为深入研究环境、生活方式及遗传因素与重要高发慢性病的关系提供了研究平台，为明确该地区不同民族慢性病的病因及长期健康危害提供重要流行病学证据，为国家制定慢性病防治战略提供西北区域参考。本文简要介绍西北区域自然人群队列的建设概况和实践思考。

English Abstract:

The prevention and control of chronic and non-communicable diseases is an important public health problem in China. The general environment in the northwestern China is unique, and the health and disease status of local population is distinctive. In order to meet the urgent need for in-depth research of the causes, mechanisms and prognosis of chronic and non-communicable diseases in this area, a general population cohort in Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province and Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was established during 2017-2019. A total of 117 644 general individuals aged 35-74 years in the multi-ethnic groups (Han, Hui, Uygur, Kazak and Tibetan) were recruited according to the special ecological environment, population size and ethnic distribution. The baseline information about individual exposure, environment and society were collected. More than 900 000 biological samples, including whole blood, plasma, serum and buffy coat, were collected and stored at -80 ℃ in standardized biobank. The long-term observation has started in forms of routine monitoring and active follow-up. The average age of the cohort members was 52.43 years, and 70 391 cohort members were women (59.8%). There were some differences in socio-economic status and lifestyle among different ethnic groups. Although the cohort members in different ethnic groups had similar health status, different characteristics still existed. The cohort can serve as a platform for in-depth research of the relationship between major chronic and non-communicable diseases and environment, people's lifestyle and genetic factors, and the research results can be used as important epidemiological evidence for clarifying the causes of chronic and non-communicable diseases and long-term health hazards in different ethnic groups in this area and reference for the national chronic and non-communicable disease prevention and control. This paper briefly introduces the design and practice of general population cohort in northwestern China.

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