| 王文静,丛舒,樊静,王宁,王前,方利文.2019年中国40岁及以上女性家庭烹饪油烟暴露状况分析[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2023,44(12):1899-1910 |
| 2019年中国40岁及以上女性家庭烹饪油烟暴露状况分析 |
| Prevalence of exposure to household cooking oil fumes in women aged 40 years and older in China， 2019 |
| Received:September 25, 2023 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230925-00187 |
| KeyWord: 烹饪油烟 女性 通风 室内空气污染 监测 |
| English Key Word: Cooking oil fumes Woman Ventilation Household air pollution Surveillance |
| FundProject:国家重点研发计划（2016YFC1303905）；中央转移支付重大公共卫生项目 |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Wang Wenjing | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | | | Cong Shu | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | | | Fan Jing | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | | | Wang Ning | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | | | Wang Qian | National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100081, China | | | Fang Liwen | National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China | fangliwen@ncncd.chinacdc.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的 了解我国≥40岁女性家庭烹饪油烟的暴露现状及特征。方法 数据来源于2019-2020年中国居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病监测，采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取全国31个省（自治区、直辖市）中125个监测县（区）的≥40岁常住居民，通过面对面询问调查收集人口统计学资料和家庭烹饪油烟暴露等相关信息。将家庭烹饪油烟暴露信息完整的女性37 164人作为研究对象，应用复杂加权分析方法，从烹饪时间、烹饪环境和自报烹饪油烟暴露分析不同特征女性家庭烹饪油烟暴露情况。结果 2019年我国≥40岁女性的每天做饭和经常做饭比例分别为83.9%（95%CI：82.1%~85.7%）和4.5%（95%CI：3.8%~5.2%），其中每天做饭女性的日均做饭时长为1.8 h，日均做饭时长>2.0 h者占31.1%，做饭女性平均累计做饭年数为32.8年。做饭女性使用通风装置的比例为79.3%，厨房与起居室未分开的比例为3.2%。华南、西北地区女性厨房与起居室未分开比例分别为8.9%和7.2%，显著高于其他地区（P=0.036）。女性自报烹饪油烟暴露率为81.0%（95%CI：79.3%~82.7%）。乡村、年龄较大、文化程度较低、职业为农林牧渔水利业的女性，每天做饭比例、日均做饭时长、累计做饭年数、厨房与起居室未分开比例及自报烹饪油烟暴露率较高，做饭时使用通风装置的比例较低（均P<0.001）。结论 我国女性的家庭烹饪油烟暴露严重，仍有部分女性做饭时未采取任何通风措施，应重视女性尤其是社会经济地位较低女性的家庭烹饪油烟暴露及其健康危害。 |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective To understand the prevalence of exposure to household cooking oil fumes in women ≥40 years old. Methods The data were from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Surveillance in China during 2019-2020, which selected permanent residents ≥40 years old from 125 counties (districts) in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) across the country by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. The relevant demographic information and cooking oil fumes were collected by face-to-face interview. Our study served 37 164 women with complete cooking practice information as the subject. After complex sample weighting, we analyzed the prevalence of cooking oil fumes exposure in women from cooking time, kitchen characteristics, and Self-reported cooking oil fumes exposure. Results In 2019, 83.9% (95%CI: 82.1%-85.7%) and 4.5% (95%CI: 3.8%-5.2%) of Chinese women ≥40 years old cooked daily and often, respectively. The average daily cooking duration is 1.8 hours/day, 31.1% of women who cooked daily more than 2.0 hours, and the average cumulative cooking years of cooking women were 32.8 years. 79.3% of cooking women used ventilation devices, and 3.2% cooked in the living room. 8.9% and 7.2% of cooking women in south China and northwest China cooked in the living room, significantly higher than in other regions (P=0.036). The self-reported exposure rate to cooking oil fumes was 81.0% (95%CI: 79.3%-82.7%). Rural, older, lower education level and women engaged in agriculture had a higher proportion of cooking daily, average daily cooking duration, cumulative cooking years, the proportion of cooking in the living room, and rate of self-reported cooking oil fumes exposure, but a lower proportion of using ventilation devices during cooking (P<0.001). Conclusions The exposure to household cooking oil fumes was serious in Chinese women, and some women still did not take any ventilation measures when cooking. More attention should be paid to the exposure to home cooking oil fumes and its health hazards in women, especially those with lower socioeconomic status. |
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