| 李航,董忠,马爱娟,董晶,方凯,谢晨,祁琨,谢瑾,周滢,赵越.北京市2014年高血压患者不同血压控制措施及效果比较[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(9):1202-1206 |
| 北京市2014年高血压患者不同血压控制措施及效果比较 |
| Practices and effects of different measures for blood pressure control in hypertension patients in Beijing, 2014 |
| 收稿日期:2016-05-04 出版日期:2016-09-14 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.09.004 |
| 中文关键词: 高血压 控制措施 效果 |
| 英文关键词: Hypertension Control measures Effect |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解高血压患者选择不同血压控制措施的情况及其效果。方法 选取2014年北京市18～79岁成年人慢性病及危险因素监测调查中已知高血压的患者，分析不同人口学特征高血压患者采取的控制措施及控制效果。结果 在2 229名已知高血压的调查对象中，多选题目中选择未采取任何措施的占7.0%；遵医嘱服药的占79.8%；有症状时服药的占8.3%；控制饮食的占22.4%；运动的占23.7%；血压监测的占22.1%。遵医嘱服药方面，女性（84.3%）、≥60岁（87.6%）、城区（81.5%）、独居（83.8%）、北京户籍（82.3%）人群做得更好；控制饮食方面，女性（24.4%）、≥60岁（25.8%）、大学及以上（29.5%）人群做得更好；运动方面，≥60岁（27.9%）、城区（25.3%）、大学及以上（32.5%）人群做得更好；血压监测方面，女性（24.2%）和≥60岁（28.4%）人群做得更好。男性（9.7%）、18～44岁（14.7%）、高中文化程度（9.3%）、未婚（18.2%）和非北京户籍（14.7%）人群不采取任何措施的比例较高；有症状时服药者中，非京籍（12.8%）人群比例较高。未采取任何控制措施的高血压患者在现场测量时血压升高的比例（98.1%）高于采取措施者（67.1%），遵医嘱服药患者现场测量时血压升高的比例最低（63.9%）。结论 北京市高血压人群大部分能够遵医嘱服药，对于药物治疗之外的综合干预方法接受程度不高，仍有少数人不采取任何措施和有症状时服药。遵医嘱服药在控制血压方面的效果显著。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the practices and effects of different measures for blood pressure control in hypertension patients. Methods Patients who have known hypertension from the subjects of "2014 Beijing adult (aged 18-79 years) chronic diseases and risk factors survey" were selected. The choices of different hypertension control measures, the relationship between the measures and demographic characteristics of hypertension patients, and the effects of different control measures were analyzed. Results A total of 2 229 known hypertension patients were included, the analysis was conducted through a questionnaire survey. Those who answered "never taking any measures", "taking medication according to doctor's instructions" and "taking medication when blood pressure rose"accounted for 7.0%, 79.8% and 8.3%, respectively. Those who had "diet control", "physical exercises" and "blood pressure monitoring" accounted for 22.4%, 23.7% and 22.1%, respectively. In terms of "taking medicine according to doctor's instructions", women (84.3%), those aged ≥60 years (87.6%), those living in urban area (81.5%), those living alone (83.8%), and Beijing local residents (82.3%) had higher compliance rates. As for "diet control", women (24.4%), those aged ≥60 years (25.8%) and those with educational level of college or above (29.5%) had better practices. In terms of "physical exercise", those aged ≥60 years (27.9%), those living in urban area (25.3%), those with educational level of college or above (32.5%) had better practice. Women (24.2%) and those aged ≥60 years (28.4%) had higher "blood pressure monitoring" rate. More men (9.7%), those aged 18-44 years (14.7%), those with educational level of high school (9.3%), the unmarried (18.2%), and non-Beijing local residents (14.7%) answered "never taking any measure", and in terms of "taking medication when blood pressure rose", non-Beijing local residents (12.8%) had higher rate. In the field survey, more patients who never took any measure (98.1%) had higher blood pressure than those who took control measures (67.1%), and those who took medicine according to doctor's instructions had lowest blood pressure rise rate (63.9%). Conclusions Most hypertension patients could take medication according to doctor's instructions, but less patients received other comprehensive intervention measures, and there were still some patients never took any control measure, or took medication only when blood pressure rose. "Taking medication according to doctor's instructions" showed a significant effect in blood pressure control. |
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