| 黄继磊,常昭瑞,郑灿军,刘慧慧,陈颖丹,孙军玲.2015－2018年全国阿米巴痢疾发病特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2020,41(1):90-95 |
| 2015－2018年全国阿米巴痢疾发病特征分析 |
| Epidemiological characteristics of amoebic dysentery in China, 2015-2018 |
| 收稿日期:2019-03-16 出版日期:2020-01-14 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.01.017 |
| 中文关键词: 阿米巴痢疾 监测 流行趋势 |
| 英文关键词: Amoebic dysentery Surveillance Epidemiological characteristics |
| 基金项目:国家科技重大专项（2018ZX10713-001-006）；中国疾病预防控制中心应急反应机制运行（131031001000015001） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解2015-2018年全国阿米巴痢疾发病特征和变化趋势，探索高发县（市、区）可能的原因，为制定全国防控策略提供依据。方法 使用SPSS 16.0软件，采用描述性流行病学方法，分析传染病报告管理信息系统中2015-2018年全国阿米巴痢疾发病数据的季节性特征、人群特征和地区分布。结果 2015-2018年，全国累计报告阿米巴痢疾病例4 366例，无死亡，年均报告发病率为0.08/10万，其中确诊病例占68.23%（2 979/4 366）。阿米巴痢疾的流行季节为5-10月，2015和2017年发病高峰分别为7月和6月，2016和2018年为双高峰，为6月和10月。发病集中在<5岁儿童（占42.28%，1 846/4 366），在<10岁儿童中发病率随年龄增长而降低，其中0~1岁婴幼儿发病率最高（1.28/10万）；广西、河南、广东、黑龙江和江西（省、自治区）的累计报告发病数居全国前5位，占全国病例总数的64.50%（2 816/4 366）；广西壮族自治区防城港市东兴市、河南省商丘市睢县、黑龙江省大庆市让胡路区累计病例数占所在省份病例总数的比例超过50.00%。结论 2015-2018年全国阿米巴痢疾报告发病率呈下降趋势，<5岁儿童高发，局部地区（市、县）病例数高发，提示可对重点地区阿米巴痢疾诊断和报告情况开展进一步的调查，推动阿米巴痢疾诊断标准的更新。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the characteristics and changes of the incidence of amoebic dysentery in China during 2015-2018, explore the causes of high incidence in some areas and provide a data base for the development of national prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods Data were collected from the infectious disease reporting management information system from Chinese Disease Control and Prevention. To understand the seasonal, population and area distributions of amoebic dysentery, descriptive epidemiological method and software SPSS 16.0 were used to analyze the amoebic dysentery data. Results A total of 4 366 amoebic dysentery cases were reported without death in China during 2015-2018. The reported average annual incidence was 0.08/100 000, and the overall proportion of laboratory confirmed cases was 68.23%(2 979/4 366). Amoeba dysentery mainly occurred during May to October. One seasonal peak was observed in 2015 and 2017 (July and June, respectively), and two seasonal peaks were observed in 2016 and 2018 (June and October). The patients were mainly children aged under 5 years (42.28%, 1 846/4 366), and the incidence rate decreased with age in children aged under 10 years. Of these, children under 1 years of age had the highest incidence rate (1.28/100 000). The number of cumulative reported cases in Guangxi, Henan, Guangdong, Heilongjiang and Jiangxi provinces ranked top five from 2015-2018, accounting for 64.50% (2 816/4 366) of the total. The cumulative cases in Dongxing county, Guangxi, in Suixian county, Henan and in Ranghulu district, Heilongjiang, respectively accounted for more than 50.00% of the total number of cases in their provinces. Conclusions The incidence rate of amoebic dysentery reported in China during 2015-2018 showed a decreasing trend, with a higher incidence in children under 5 years old and a higher number of cases in some areas. It is suggested to further investigate and analyze the diagnosis and reporting of amoeba dysentery in key areas and promote the update of the diagnostic standards for amoeba dysentery. |
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