| 刘佩莉,Stevens CE.乙型病毒性肝炎的职业危害[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,1984,5(5):305-308 |
| 乙型病毒性肝炎的职业危害 |
| Ocupational Detriments of Type B Viral Hepatitis |
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| Abstract: |
| 对非医院性血库（New York Blood Center）的工作人员进行一次乙肝患病率调查。共调查864例占总人数的60.8%。去除已接种乙肝疫苗和同性恋者，对782例作分析。总的患病率15.5%，非白种人的患病率明显高于白种人（各为28.6%与8.4%， P<0.001）；出生于美国或加拿大者患病率明显低于出生于其他地区（各为10.2%与28.8%， P<0.001）。各部门的患病率不一（从6.1%~29.2%， P<0.01），以维修部门最高。接触血液者患病率随着工龄与年龄的增长而上升；而不接触者则无此现象。实验室外环境HBsAg阳性率为15~35%，污染度严重（平均RU为40）；而办公室环境均阴性。非医院性血库工作人员亦为乙肝感染“危险人群”应接种乙肝疫苗。 |
| English Abstract: |
| This is a HBV prevalence survey in employees who worked in nonhospital blood bank (New York Blood Center). The 864 employees who participated in this survey accounted for 60.8% of the total work force. We excluded those who had received hepatitis B vaccine or who were homosexual from the analysis, therefore the final number in this analysis is 782 employees. The overall prevalence of HBV markers was 15.5%. The prevalence in non-whites was significantly higher than it was in whites (each was 28.6% and 8.4% respectively, P<0.001). The prevalence of those born in the U.S.A. or Canada was significantly lower than those born outside of U.S.A. and Canada (their respective prevalence rates were 10.2% and 28.8%, P<0.01). The prevalence rates in different sections varied from 6.1~29.2%, (P<0.01). Staff working in maintenance had the highest frequency. The prevalence increased with age and years exposure to blood specimens. But this was not the case in those who did not have any chance to get access to blood specimens. The positivity rate of HBsAg was 15-35% in the specimens gathered from the environment of laboratories, so the degree of contamination was the highest of all (mean RU 40); but all were negative in the office. The employees who worked in nonhospital blood bank were a "risk group" for hepatitis B and should receive hepatitisB vaccine. |
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