| 柯世荣,李中原,孟庆海.黑龙江省腹泻病的某些特点[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,1987,8(3):144-147 |
| 黑龙江省腹泻病的某些特点 |
| Some Features of Diarrhoeal Diseases in Heilongjiang Province, China |
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| Abstract: |
本文报告了黑龙江省<5岁儿童腹泻病的“30个整群抽样技术”调查结果,表明我省<5岁儿童腹泻病的发病率和死亡率属于“双低类型”。病原学检索证实,我省<5岁儿童腹泻病的病原主要是轮状病毒,占60.15%,多发生在每年的9~11月份,占病例数的73.7~86.1%。
1982年3月中旬,流行性成人腹泻首次在我省流行,波及到全省的24.4%县、市,患病率为961.9~1305/10万。1983年再次流行时,波及46%县、市,患病率为530/10万。两年流行的主要患病者为成人,流行高峰为早春和晚冬,4月份的病例数占65%左右。应用直接电镜和免疫电镜技术,我们在31.2%的患者粪便标本中检出了直径50nm的病毒核心颗粒,在极少数标本中见到了完整的轮状病毒颗粒,但与典型轮状病毒无抗原性关系。结果证实这是一种新的轮状病毒,是流行性成人腹泻的病原。 |
| English Abstract: |
We have investigated the incidence rate and mortality of diarrhoeal diseases in Heilongjiang province in the period of 1979-1986 in children below 5 of age. The incidence rate was 1.01-1.04% per child per year in Harbin, 1983-86; 1.63% in Qiqihar 1986 and 3.4% in Zhao Dong County in September 1985 respectively. Zhao Dong was flooded two weeks before this investigation and probably this event enhanced the incidence rate.
The mortality was 1.59-1.75% in Harbin 2.46% in Qigihar and 1.78% in Zhao-Dong County according to the WHO recommeded'30 cluster Sampling Technique'. None of the death among these children was directly due to diarrhoeal diseasse.
As for the search for pathogens, we collected 271 fecal samples from hospitalized diarrhoeal patients in Harbin Children hospital and found that for viral pathogens, rotavirus accupied 60.15%, adeno virus 2.95% and small round viruses 1.47%. Among bacterial pathogens, EPEC involved in 5.91%, Campylobacterium 2.27%, Sal. typhimurium 1.82% and Flexner 1.36% while 1/4 of cases remained unclear.
54 cases of rotavirns diarrhea in Harbin had a peak of september to December with an age distribution of 5-14 months in 92.6%.
During the spring of 1982, adult diarrhea occured without bacterial nor viral findings for pathogens and later on, a new virus-like particles found of 50nm diameter under electromicroscopy and was identified as a new kind of rotavirus with denatured form in Peking, Harbin and lanzhow. Hence the core particle in supernatant of feces is an important marker in EM and IM for diagnosis of epidemic adult diarrhea. |
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