| 罗兆庄,刘光中.我国流行性出血热地理流行病学分析研究[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,1989,10(1):6-10 |
| 我国流行性出血热地理流行病学分析研究 |
| Study on Geographic Epidemiology of Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever (EHF) in China |
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| DOI： |
| KeyWord: 流行性出血热 地理流行病学 |
| English Key Word: Epidemic hemorrhagic fever Geographic epidemiology |
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| Abstract: |
| 本文应用描述、血清学及地理流行病学等研究方法查明了我国以县为单位的流行性出血热疫区分布、流行强度和疫区类型。从50年代至1986年流行性出血热疫区分布于25个省、市、自治区的1257个县(市、旗),其中1980年以前633个,1981~1986年新发病县624个,6年中疫区范围扩大了近一倍。三种类型的流行性出血热疫区中,以家鼠型扩大最为显著,1980年仅20个县(占疫区总数的3.73%),1986年增至288个(26.77%);混合型疫区也由98个(18.18%)增至267个(24.81%);而野鼠型则相对稳定。本文还对捕获的25万余只小兽进行检测,查出4目8科37种动物携带流行性出血热病毒抗原,进一步丰富了我国流行性出血热宿主动物研究内容,并在论证流行性出血热的多宿主性的同时指出其主要宿主动物和传染源种类是有限的。此外,还在尚无病例报告的111个县(市、旗)检出了带毒宿主动物,证明这些为流行性出血热的潜在疫区。本文也分析了流行性出血热疫区(尤其是野鼠型)分布与地势、降水量、水系等自然地理因素的关系,提出了防制对策建议。 |
| English Abstract: |
The distribution, epidemic intensity and the focus type of EHF at county's level in China was studied by the method of discriptive, serological and geographic epidemiology. The EHF foci distributed in 1 257 counties within 25 provinces (cities, autonomous regions) by 1986, 633 of them were found before 1980 and the other 624 after it. The epidemic area have extended nearly twice in the last years. The extension of rattus type focus was most significant. The number of focus of Rattus type increased from 20 counties in 1980 (account for 3.73% of total foci) to 288 in 1986 (26.77%); the mixed type also enlarged from 98(18.28%) to 267(24.81%); while the Apodemus type was relatively steady.
More than 250 000 small animals were captured and tested in this research. 4 orders 8 families and 37 species were found carrying EHF virus antigen. The research pointed out that the main kinds of the reservoir were limited. In addition, the animals which carry EHF virus were found also in 111 non-case-reported counties, so these areas could be a potential EHF's foci. The relationship between the distribution of EHF focus (especially Apodemus type) and natural geographic factors, such as the physical features of a place, precipitation and water system etc, was analysed. The preventive strategies and suggestions were also discussed. |
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