| 于卫力.全国部分地区腹泻病防治现状调查[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,1989,10(5):257-260 |
| 全国部分地区腹泻病防治现状调查 |
| Household Survey of Diarrhoeal Disease Control in P.R.China |
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| DOI： |
| KeyWord: 腹泻病 发病率 病死率 |
| English Key Word: Diarrhoea Morbidity Mortality |
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| Abstract: |
| 本文报告了一九八八年全国部分地区腹泻病防治现状调查结果。全国二十个省(自治区)共调查126 956人,其中五岁以下儿童10 987人。两周内共发病7 681例,发病率0.06次/人;估计全国年平均发病率0.70次/人/年,<5岁组发病率1.90次/人/年,4岁以上组0.59次/人/年,以6个月至2岁组发病率最高为2.44次/人/年。共有2 908例到医疗单位就诊,就诊率37.86%,<5岁组病例就诊率64.11%,占总就诊人数的39.68%;62.24%的就诊病例在村卫生室就诊。16个省(自治区)死亡原因调查范围102 470人,死亡605人,死亡率5.9‰,因腹泻病死亡15人,估计病死率为0.002%。对1 247名0~6个月儿童进行喂养方法分析,母乳喂养率为76.18%,混合喂养19.49%,人工喂养4.33%。在7 681例病人中,有4885例病人接受治疗,为病例总数的63.59%;服用自治口服补液942例,为12.26%;服用口服补液盐152例,为1.98%;服用抗生素4 237例,为55.16%;服用中药620例,为8.07%。调查结果指示:腹泻病发病率高,是危害人民身体健康的主要疾病;发病率高、死亡率低的特点决定了我国腹泻病防治工作必须以预防为主;口服补液疗法使用率低和滥用抗生素是腹泻病治疗工作中的突出问题;农村卫生室承担了大部分腹泻病防治工作,是今后的培训工作重点。 |
| English Abstract: |
| 126 965 population, including 10 987 children <5 years in 20 provinces were visited, and 7 681 cases due to diarrhoea, including 1 800 cases <5 years were found during the survey in Aug 1988.According to the calculating methods recommended by WHO, the morbidity is 0.70 episodes/person/per year in China,1.90 episodes/per child/per year in children <5 years.The highest morbidity,2.44 episodes/per child/per year, is in the age group from 6 months to 2 years. 37.86% of all cases went to health facilities, among them 62.24% were treated in village health facilities. 63.36% of all cases received treatment.The use rate of ORT was 14.24%, including 1.98% of using ORS and 12.26% of using home fluids.The use rate of antibiotics was 55.16%.The use rate of traditional medicine was 8.07%.From Sep 1987 to Aug 1938, there were 605 deaths in 102 470 population.The death rate was 5.9 per 1 000 population. With 15 deaths due to diarrhoea, the mortality of diarrhoea was 0.002% 76.18% of 1 247 children under 7 months were breast-fed, and 19.49% of them were partially breast-fed, and 4.33% of them were bottle-fed.The result of the survey indicates that diarrhoeal disease is a major constraints to people's health and social development, and the character of high morbidity and low mortality determines that the strategy of diarrhoeal diseases Control will be prevention, and the situation of low ORT use rate and abuse of antibiotics should be improved, and it should be emphasized to train health workes of village facilities. |
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