中国北方城市妇女妊娠前、妊娠期及产后家庭暴力的调查

郭素芳; 吴久玲; 渠川琰; 严仁英

Abstract

郭素芳,吴久玲,渠川琰,严仁英.中国北方城市妇女妊娠前、妊娠期及产后家庭暴力的调查[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2004,25(1):9-11

中国北方城市妇女妊娠前、妊娠期及产后家庭暴力的调查

Domestic violence against women before, during and after pregnancy

Received:October 15, 2003

DOI：

KeyWord: 暴力家庭妊娠

English Key Word: Violence domestic Pregnancy

FundProject:世界卫生组织资助项目（CHN/RPH/001）

Author Name	Affiliation
GUO Su-fang	National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100083, China
WU Jiu-ling	National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100083, China
QU Chuan-yan	National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100083, China
YAN Ren-ying	北京大学第一医院妇产科妇儿保健中心

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Abstract:

目的探讨妊娠前、妊娠期及产后针对妇女的家庭暴力发生的现况以及相关的影响因素。方法在天津市、河南省、辽宁省以及陕西省，采用分层整群抽样及面对面调查的方法，选择32个区，对有6~；18月龄小儿的妇女进行调查，以了解她们妊娠前、妊娠期和产后家庭暴力的情况。采用SPSS软件进行分析。结果中国北方部分地区妊娠前、妊娠期和产后家庭暴力总的发生率为12.6%；，其中性暴力的发生率最高（8.0%；），心理暴力的发生率最低（3.5%；），躯体暴力发生率居中（5.6%；）。妊娠前、妊娠期和产后家庭暴力的发生率分别为9.1%；、4.3%；和8.3%；。进一步分析显示妊娠前发生家庭暴力则预示着妊娠期、产后很可能发生家庭暴力。单因素分析发现与家庭暴力相关的因素有:；妇女和配偶的受教育程度低、结婚时间长、体力劳动者、个人月收入低、吸烟、饮酒。还发现妇女见到周围有人挨丈夫打的及夫妻关系不好者，发生家庭暴力的可能性大。结论中国北方城市家庭暴力的发生率较高，应该引起足够的重视。对医务人员进行广泛深入的培训，以增强他们对家庭暴力的认识和反应，以及了解如何进行筛查和管理家庭暴力案例。

English Abstract:

Objective To examine patterns of abuse before, during, and after pregnancy and the possible factors related to abuse.Methods A community-based face-to-face survey of a representative group of women having a child aged 6 to 18 months in 32 communities of Tianjin, Liaoning, Henan and Shaanxi provinces was carried out between November 1, 2001 and February 28, 2002.Results The prevalence rate of domestic violence （emotional, sexual and physical） occurred in any period （before, during and after pregnancy） against women was 12.6%.The prevalence of domestic violence against women during the approximate 9 months of pregnancy （4.3%）was relatively lower than that during the 12 months before pregnancy （9.1%）and duting the mean 11 months postpartum period （8.3%）.Domestic violence against women before pregnancy was a strong risk factor for abuse during and post pregnancy.Abused women and perpetrators were more likely to be in lower social class were smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol.Abused women were more likely to be witnessing violence in the past and having poor relationship with partner.Conclusion The prevalence of domestic violence against women was high which called for in-depth training and improving awareness for all health professionaLs.

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