运用人体测量法评估中国西部40个县农村3岁以下儿童的营养状况

党少农; 颜虹; 曾令霞; 王全丽; 李强; 谢红; 肖生彬; 康轶军

Abstract

党少农,颜虹,曾令霞,王全丽,李强,谢红,肖生彬,康轶军.运用人体测量法评估中国西部40个县农村3岁以下儿童的营养状况[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2005,26(3):177-181

运用人体测量法评估中国西部40个县农村3岁以下儿童的营养状况

Assessment on nutritional status among children under 3 years using anthropometry in 40 counties of western China

Received:July 09, 2004

DOI：

KeyWord: 人体测量营养不良婴幼儿

English Key Word: Anthropometr y Malnutr ition Infants

FundProject:中国卫生部与联合国儿童基金会资助项目(YH001)

Author Name	Affiliation
DANG Shao-nong	Faculty of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China
YAN Hong	Faculty of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China
ZENG Ling-xia	Faculty of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China
WANG Quan-li	Faculty of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China
LI Qiang	Faculty of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China
XIE Hong	Faculty of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China
XIAO Sheng-bin	Faculty of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China
KANG Yi-jun	Faculty of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,China

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Abstract:

目的　运用人体测量法评估中国西部 40 个县 3 岁以下儿童的营养状况。方法　采用横断面调查设计和分层多阶段随机抽样法,获得7252名3岁以下儿童,以身长和体重作为衡量儿童营养状况的指标,采用Z值法以WHO/NCHS参考人群为标准评估该儿童群体的营养状况。结果年龄别身高(HA)Z值的标准差波动在1.10~1.30,年龄别体重(WA)Z 值的标准差波动范围较大在1.06~1.40,特别是对1 岁以内的儿童。与 WHO/NCHS参考分布相比,该儿童群体的 HAZ 值和WA Z值显著左移约1个单位,身高别体重(WH)Z值左移约0.4个单位,生长迟缓、低体重和消瘦的总患病率分别为23.0%、22.6%和7.5%,各地区县儿童的营养不良患病情况差异较大。营养不良患病情况在出生后 3 月龄内较低,其生长迟缓的患病率为5.9%~ 9.0%,低体重患病率为1.1%~3.5%,6月龄后患病率迅速上升,在 15 月龄左右达到20%~30%,此后有所下降但维持在较高的水平上。低体重与生长迟缓和消瘦间有显著的正相关关系,Pearson相关系数分别为0.815和0.636(P<0.01),发育迟缓与消瘦间没有发现显著的相关关系。结论　40个县儿童的整体营养状况受到了不良影响,意味着该地区儿童的营养不良不仅仅是个别或部分儿童的健康问题,相对于 WHO/NCHS参考人群营养不良患病率较高,低的HA可能是该地区?

English Abstract:

Objective To assess nutrit ional status among children young er than 3 years in 40 counties of western China, using anthropometry.Methods With cross-sectional study and random sampling, a survey with a sample size of 7252 was conducted in 40 counties of western China on children under 3 years old. Heig ht and weight were measur ed and nutrition status was evaluated with WHO/ NCHS r eference using Z scores. Results SD of height for age( HA) and w eig ht for age( WA) were 1.10-1.30and 1.06- 1.40,respectively and SD of WAZ for infants varied. The distribution of HA Z and WAZ shifted downward to 1 unit and 0.4 unit for distribution of weight fo r height( WH Z).T he prevalence of stunting,underweight and wasting were 23.0%,22.6% and 7.5% respectively. The prevalence rates were low among those yourger than 3 months. Stunting and underweig ht increased sharply after 6 mont hs and reached 20%- 30%. Significant corr elation was found betw een underw eight and stunting or w asting w ith coefficients of 0. 815 and 0. 636, respectively. No correlat ion was found between stunting and wasting.Conclusion The nutr ition status adversely affected childr en as a whole but not only for individuals. There was a higher pr evalence of malnutrition mainly on low height to children. Weight for age must be interpreted cautiously because of the inability of this indicator in distinguishing stunting and wasting just by itself. Assessment by anthropometry called for accurate information on age and measurement of height and weight.

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