| 刘增加,孙毅,何静,米红艳,鲜耀国.中国西部地区生态环境保护与莱姆病传播关系的研究[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2008,29(5):449-453 |
| 中国西部地区生态环境保护与莱姆病传播关系的研究 |
| Study on the relation of transmission of Lyme disease and ecological protection from Western Regions in China |
| Received:December 06, 2007 |
| DOI： |
| KeyWord: 生态保护 莱姆病 现场流行病学 |
| English Key Word: Ecological protection Lyme disease Field epidemiology |
| FundProject:国家自然科学基金，甘肃省科技攻关项目 |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的 了解西部地区大开发中生态环境保护与莱姆病传播的关系。方法 采用现场流行病学调查与实验室分子生物学技术相结合的方法。结果 天然林保护区莱姆病的媒介蜱类、宿主动物在种群数量、多样性指数等方面均高于苗圃林半保护区和农业开垦区；媒介昆虫和宿主动物潜能及自然疫源地活力也显著高于苗圃林半保护区和农业开垦区；农业开垦区莱姆病的媒介昆虫、宿主动物在种群数量、多样性指数方面均低于苗圃林半保护区；有蜱叮咬史的员工中，在天然林保护区工作的血清抗体阳性率高达66.7%，在苗圃林半保护区仅为2.5%；两者差异有统计学意义（P=6.45，E-11＜0.01，df=1）。不同生境亚群中的遗传分散性也存在差异，在天然林保护区和农业开垦区之间有最大遗传分散系数（Fst）0.557 42.苗圃林半保护区和农业开垦区之间的系数同样大于零，有统计学意义。在苗圃林半保护区和天然林保护区之间的遗传差异系数最低（0.10802），表明在这两个样地的亚群之间无显著遗传差异；这些亚群中的遗传距离表现出与其生境相似的变化。结论 西部大开发天然林保护和退耕还林还草战略工程的实施，对于莱姆病的媒介昆虫、宿主动物在一定程度上起保护作用，其潜能、自然疫源地活力等增加，人群感染的危险性明显增高。 |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective To find out the relationship of ecological environment protection and the transmission of Lyme disease under economic development of western regions in China.Methods Both scene molecular and traditional epidemiological Methods were used to assess the effects of environmental protection on the transmission of Lyme disease.Results Among areas as protected natural forests,semiprotected nursery forests and farmland,the vector tick species and reservoir rodents from protected natural forests area had the highest quantity of population and diversity index and followed by semi-protected nursery forests.Vector competence of reservoir hosts and value of natural foci from protected natural forests area were also remarkably higher than those areas of semi-protected nursery forests and farmland. Staff working in the areas who were bitten by ticks from protected natural forests areas had higher serological Dositive rate(66.7%)than those from semi-protected nursery forests areas(2.5%),and both showed remarkable difference(P=6.45,E-11＜0.01,df=1).The difference of genetic divergence among these subpoPulations from different habitats being surveyed showed that the biggest genetic divergence index (Fst)of 0.557 42 was between protected natural forests area and farmland area.The index between semiprotected nursery forests area and farmland area was also bigger than zero with statistical significance.The genetic divergence index of 0.108 02 between semi-protected nursery forests area and protected natural forests area was the lowest which showed that genetic divergence between the subpopulations of the two sampling areas was not obvious.The genetic distance among these subpopulations had similar change along with their habitats.Conclusion Under economic development of western regions in China,when programs as natural forests protections,recovery prairie and grassland from farmland were actively performed,vectors insects and reservoir hosts of Lyme disease might also be protected to some degree but the risk and value of natural foci on Lyme disease might increase.Data suggested that people entering these areas should be told to strengthen their awareness on individual protection against the disease. |
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