| 董柏青,林玫,李永红,梁大斌,秦卫文,吴兴华.广西地区三个时期腹泻病人户调查的比较分析[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2010,31(1):60-63 |
| 广西地区三个时期腹泻病人户调查的比较分析 |
| Comparative analysis of three diarrhea—household—surveys in Guangxi |
| Received:July 30, 2009 |
| DOI： |
| KeyWord: 腹泻病 发病率 就诊 治疗 |
| English Key Word: Diarrhea disease Incidence rate Health care seeking Treatment |
| FundProject:广西卫生厅重点科研课题(重200717) |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的对比、分析广西地区腹泻病流行病学特点，并评价其控制效果。方法采用广西地区1988、1995和2007年3次入户调查腹泻病发病、流行、就诊和治疗情况资料，应用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果1988、1995和2007年3次腹泻病人户调雀获得广西地区腹泻病发病强度分别为O.562次/人年、O.456次/人年和O.221次/人年(P<0.001)；腹泻病例均无性别差异。低年龄组和低文化程度人群腹泻病发病率较高。近年来腹泻患者旱持续腹泻天数延长、症状体征减轻的趋势。病例均以基层医疗机构就诊为主，2007年就诊率仅为28.3％；病例治疗均以抗生素为主(49.8％一90.2％)，口服补液治疗率较低(1.4％～11.5％)；但使用中药治疗率有所上升。喝牛水、吃生冷或隔夜食物及接触腹泻病患者为腹泻病的主要危险圜素。结论近20余年广西地区腹泻病发病总体旱下降趋势，病后就诊率较低。应规范腹泻病例的治疗，增加患病后就诊的可及性，提高就诊率和有效诊治率。 |
| English Abstract: |
| 0bjective To study the epidemiological characteristics and the effects of conffol measurements in Guangxi by comparing the results from diarrhea.household-surveys conducted in the three difierent periods of time and to develop conffol strategies.Methods Data on the incidence. health care seeking and treatment of diarrhea from three household surveys conducted in l988-1995 and 2007 was analyzed using SPSS(version 13.0).Results The incidence rates ofdiarrhea over the three periods of time were 0.562。0.456 and 0.221 per person.year，respectively(P<0.001).No significant difference was found in the incidence between males and females.The disease mainly attacked young age groups and those with lower educational levels.In recent years，longer durations of disease but less severe were observed in patients with diarrhea.The patients mainly visited first line health services with a health care seeking rate of 28.3％.Antibiotics were used by most of the patients (49.8％一90.2％)，while the rate of using oral rehydrathon salts(ORS)Was only 1.4％一11.5％but the use oftraditional Chinese medicines has increased.Intake ofuntreated water.contaminated foods and contact with patients were important risk factors on diarrhea.Conclusion The prevalence of diarrhea in Guangxi had declined and the health seeking rate Was lOW in the past two decades.It is necessary to further regulate the treatment，in order to strengthen the health education programs to the general population.in order to improve the accessibility of health services and to increase both the health care seeking rate and effective diagnosis rate. |
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