| 耿明璐,郭宪国,郭宾.云南省部分地区微红纤恙螨的分布及宿主选择[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2013,34(2):152-156 |
| 云南省部分地区微红纤恙螨的分布及宿主选择 |
| Geographical distribution and host selection of Leptotrombidium rubellum in some parts of Yunnan province |
| Received:August 29, 2012 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2013.02.011 |
| KeyWord: 微红纤恙螨 地理分布 宿主选择 |
| English Key Word: Leptotrombidium rubellum Geographical distribution Host selection |
| FundProject:国家自然科学基金(81060139，81160208) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Geng Minglu | Institute of Pathogens and Vectors,Dali University, Branch of Key Laboratory for Preventing and Controlling Plague, Dali671000, China | | | Guo Xianguo | Institute of Pathogens and Vectors,Dali University, Branch of Key Laboratory for Preventing and Controlling Plague, Dali671000, China | xgguo2002@yahoo.com.cn | | Guo Bin | Institute of Pathogens and Vectors,Dali University, Branch of Key Laboratory for Preventing and Controlling Plague, Dali671000, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的探讨云南省部分地区微红纤恙螨的分布和宿主选择情况。方法根据云南省不同地理方位、地形、地貌、气候与生态等特点，于2001-2011年选取23个县(市)为野外调查点，用鼠笼(夹)加食饵诱捕小型哺乳动物(小兽)宿主。选择小兽的双侧耳廓和外耳道采集恙螨幼虫，用Hoyer’S液常规封片后在显微镜下逐一鉴定螨种。统计微红纤恙螨在不同地域、不同景观和不同宿主小兽体表的分布情况。计算微红纤恙螨在不同宿主小兽体表的感染率(P)、平均多度(MA)和感染度(MI)并分析三者间的线性关系，用聚块指数(m*m)测定其在宿主不同个体间的空间分布格局。结果23个县(市)中有4个县(市)采集到微红纤恙螨(共654只，占所有恙螨的0．603%)。96．637%的微红纤恙螨采自坝区地理景观(尤其是较低海拔地区)，只有3．363%的微红纤恙螨采自山区景观。宿主大类选择显示，采自啮齿目(鼠类)、食虫目(嗣鼯)和攀鼢目(树鼢)小兽体表的微红纤恙螨分别为96．296%、2．469%和1．235%，而兔形目等小兽体表未采集到。宿主种类选择显示，所捕获的5目12科34属67种小兽中，有7种小兽采集到微红纤恙螨，其中96．788%采自黄胸鼠(P=3．776%，MI=8．792只螨/鼠)，其次是板齿鼠。聚块指数显示，微红纤恙螨在大多数宿主小兽不同个体问的分布呈聚集分布格局。结论云南省存在微红纤恙螨，但是数量较少。其主要分布在海拔较低的坝区，寄生多种小兽宿主，宿主特异性低，但主要倾向于寄生在黄胸鼠等家栖小兽体表。 |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective To investigate the geographical distribution and host selection of Leptotrombidium rubellum among different small mammal hosts in some areas of Yunnan province,China．Methods Field survey was carried out in 23 counties of Yunnan province between 200 1 and 20 1 1．Small mammal hosts were captured with mouse cages and traps with baits．Chigger mites on the surface of two auricles were scraped off by a bistoury．and then preserved in 70%ethan01．Every specimen of the chigger mites on the slides was finally identified into species under a microscope．Some conventional statistical methods were adopted to calculate a11 the collected chigger mite species and the constituent ratios of L rubellum in different areas and on different hosts,with prevalence(P)．mean intensity(MI)and mean abundance(MA)on different hosts calculated．Linear regression was
used to analyze the relationship among P,MI,and MA．Patch index(m*/m)was used to measure the spatial patterns of L．rubellum among different individuals of related small mammal hosts．Results A total of 1 08 480 chigger mites were collected from the bo“surface of all the captured small mammal hosts．A11 the collected chigger mites were identified as 3 subfamilies．24 genera and 234 species．Of the 234 species of chigger mites。654 individuals of L rubeUum were collected．only in 4 counties．The collected individuals of L．rubellum accounted for 0．603%of the total mites(108 480 individuals)．96．637%of L．rubellum came from flatland areas and habitats while only 3．363%of the L．rubellum were from the mountainous regions．The orderings of the hosts appeared as Rodentia and Insectivora harbored 96．296%and 2．469%respectively．of the collected while Lagomorpha and other orders there was no L rubellum found．Of 67 species(in 34 genera and 12 families of 5 orders),Rattus tanezumi(in genus Rattus and family Muridae of Rodentia) harbored 96．788%of the collected L rubellum with relatively low prevalence(P=3．776%)or mean intensity(MI=8．792 mites/per host),followed by Bandicota indica．Data from the patch index showed that L rubellum had an aggregated distribution paRem among different individuals of their
hosts．Conclusion L rubellumexisted irl Yunnan province with relatively rare numbers of the individuals．In Yunnan province．L．rubellum was mainly found in the flatland regions and habitats with relatively 10W altitude．L rubellum could parasitize several different species of hosts with 10W host specificity．but it prefered to choose Rattus tanezumi and some other house-dwelling small mammals as its main hosts． |
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