1990年与2013年中国人群溺水死亡疾病负担分析

邓晓; 金叶; 叶鹏鹏; 王临虹; 段蕾蕾

Abstract

邓晓,金叶,叶鹏鹏,王临虹,段蕾蕾.1990年与2013年中国人群溺水死亡疾病负担分析[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2017,38(10):1308-1314

1990年与2013年中国人群溺水死亡疾病负担分析

Disease burden on drowning in the Chinese population, in 1990 and 2013

Received:April 17, 2017

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.10.003

KeyWord: 溺水死亡伤残调整寿命年疾病负担

English Key Word: Drowning Death Disability-adjusted of life years Burden of disease

FundProject:

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Deng Xiao	Division of Injury Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Jin Ye	Division of Injury Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Ye Pengpeng	Division of Injury Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Wang Linhong	National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Duan Leilei	Division of Injury Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China	leileiduan@vip.sina.com

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Abstract:

目的了解1990年与2013年中国及各省份人群的溺水疾病负担及变化情况，为制定溺水预防控制策略和措施提供参考依据。方法运用2013年全球疾病负担研究的测量框架及标准化估算方法，使用来自于全国疾病监测点系统、全国妇幼卫生监测网、中国CDC死因登记报告信息系统、中国澳门地区和香港地区的伤害死亡数据和来自于全国伤害监测系统及文献回顾的伤害发生数据，采用死亡数/率、过早死亡损失寿命年（YLL）/标化YLL率、伤残损失寿命年（YLD）/标化YLD率、伤残调整寿命年（DALY）/标化DALY率等指标，分析描述中国及各省份人群的溺水疾病负担及变化情况。结果 2013年中国人群溺水死亡人数为63 619，标化死亡率为5.29/10万，占伤害总死亡的8.0%，位列总人群伤害死因第四位，是<5岁及5~14岁儿童首位伤害死因。2013年中国人群溺水造成的YLL为349.08万人年、YLD为4.13万人年、DALY为353.22万人年。与1990年相比，2013年中国人群溺水的标化死亡率、标化YLL率、标化YLD率、标化DALY率均下降。2013年人群溺水标化死亡率最高的5个省份依次为新疆（10.08/10万）、江西（8.44/10万）、安徽（7.92/10万）、贵州（7.77/10万）、四川（7.68/10万），与1990年比较，2013年各省份人群的溺水标化死亡率均下降。结论与1990年相比，2013年中国人群尤其是儿童的溺水疾病负担明显下降，但相比国际和其他国家的溺水死亡水平，中国的溺水问题仍然较为严重。儿童人群和男性人群应是我国溺水预防的优先目标人群，西部和中部地区是我国溺水高死亡地区，亟待开展溺水预防研究和项目。

English Abstract:

Objective To comprehensively analyze the disease burden of drowning in the Chinese population both at the national and provincial levels in 1990 and 2013, to provide reference for the development of strategies regarding drowning prevention. Methods Both methods related to unified measurement framework and standardized estimation on Global Burden of Disease in 2013, were used. Data on deaths caused by injuries were from the following sources which include:Disease Surveillance Points, the National Maternal and Child Health Surveillance Network, the Death Registration Reporting System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Death Registration System and death information from Macau and Hong Kong areas of China. Injury-related incidence data was from the National Injury Surveillance System and literature review. Parameters as death/death rate, years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLL)/standardized YLL rate, years living with disability (YLD)/standardized YLD rate and disability-adjusted of life years (DALY)/standardized DALY were used to analyze the disease burden and changing trend on drowning at both the national and all the provincial levels. Results In 2013, the number of deaths due to drowning was 63 619 in China, with the standardized mortality rate as 5.29 per 100 000, accounting for 8.0% of the total injury deaths. Drowning was the fourth leading cause of injury death in the whole population and the first leading cause of injury death among children aged <5 and 5-14 years old in 2013, with YLL of drowning as 3.49 million person years, YLD as 0.04 million person years, and DALY as 3.53 million person years. Compared with data from 1990, the rates on standardized mortality, standardized YLL, standardized YLD and standardized DALY of drowning all declined in 2013. The five provinces/districts/cities with the highest rates of drowning were Xinjiang (10.08 per 100 000), Jiangxi (8.44 per 100 000), Anhui (7.92 per 100 000), Guizhou (7.77 per 100 000) and Sichuan (7.68 per 100 000). Standardized mortality of drowning reduced in all provinces in 2013. Conclusions Disease burden of drowning in the Chinese population, especially in children, declined significantly in 2013, comparing to 1990. However, drowning remains a serious proble, with children and males in particular, in China. Research regarding prevention on drowning is in great need in the western and central areas where drowning mortalities appeared high.

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