贵州省15岁及以上人群高血压患病率及分布调查

刘国琴; 饶文博; 刘志军; 李宓; 楚亚林

Abstract

刘国琴,饶文博,刘志军,李宓,楚亚林.贵州省15岁及以上人群高血压患病率及分布调查[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2018,39(5):614-618

贵州省15岁及以上人群高血压患病率及分布调查

Prevalence and distribution of hypertension in population aged 15 years and over in Guizhou province

Received:September 23, 2017

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.05.014

KeyWord: 高血压患病率危险因素

English Key Word: Hypertension Prevalence Risk factor

FundProject:国家科技支撑计划（2011BAI11B01）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Liu Guoqin	School of Health Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China	liuguoqin1970@126.com
Rao Wenbo	Chengdu Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, China
Liu Zhijun	School of Health Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
Li Mi	The First Clinical Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
Chu Yalin	School of Health Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China

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Abstract:

目的了解贵州省≥15岁人群高血压患病及分布情况，为贵州省高血压防治工作提供依据。方法 2014年9月至2015年10月采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法确定研究对象，采用全国统一的调查问卷进行面对面访谈式调查，血压测量采用欧姆龙HEM-1300电子血压计。采用SPSS 19.0软件进行分析，率的比较采用χ²检验，高血压患病影响因素分析采用多因素logistic回归分析。结果共调查13 480人，男性5 509人（40.8%），女性7 971人（59.2%）；城市6 558人（48.6%），农村6 922人（51.4%）；吸烟3 232人（23.9%），饮酒2 412人（17.9%），肥胖和超重4 859人（36.0%）。高血压患者3 937人（29.2%），高血压标化患病率分别为18.97%（全国）和21.16%（贵州省）。男、女性高血压患病率分别为29.8%和28.8%；农村和城市人群高血压患病率分别为35.8%和22.2%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。≥65岁老年人群高血压患病率为56.2%。吸烟人群和不吸烟人群高血压患病率分别为34.3%和27.6%。饮酒人群和不饮酒人群高血压患病率分别为39.2%和27.0%。肥胖和超重人群及正常体重和体重较轻人群高血压患病率为40.7%及22.7%。不同城乡、年龄、文化程度、吸烟情况、饮酒情况及BMI人群的高血压患病率的差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论贵州省高血压患病率处于较高水平，农村人群高血压患病率高于城市人群。高血压患病率随年龄增长呈显著上升，总体显示文化程度越高，高血压患病率降低。高龄、居住农村、吸烟、饮酒、肥胖为高血压危险因素。

English Abstract:

Objective To understand the prevalence and distribution of hypertension in population aged 15 years and over in Guizhou province and provide evidence for the prevention and management of hypertension. Methods Face to face interviews using national standard questionnaire were conducted among the study subjects selected in Guizhou through multi-stage random sampling. Blood pressure measurement for them was done with Omron HEM-1300 professional portable blood pressure monitor. SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The ratio was compared by the χ² test. The influencing factors of hypertension was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 13 480 participants were investigated, including 5 509 (40.8%) men and 7 971 (59.2%) women; 6 558 (48.6%) urban residents and 6 922 (51.4%) rural residents. Among the subjects surveyed, 3 232 (23.9%) were smokers, 2 412 (17.9%) were alcoholic and 4 859 (36.0%) were obese or overweight. A total of 3 937 (29.2%) hypertension patients were found. The prevalence of hypertension was 29.2%. The standardized prevalence of hypertension were 18.97% (compared with national population composition) and 21.16% (compared with Guizhou province population composition), respectively. The hypertension prevalence in men and women were 29.8% and 28.8%, respectively. The hypertension prevalence in rural population (35.8%) was higher than that in urban population (22.2%). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The hypertension prevalence in people aged 65 years and over was 56.2%. The prevalence of hypertension were 34.3% and 27.6% in smokers and non-smokers, 39.2% and 27.0% in alcoholic and non-alcoholic and 40.7% and 22.7% in obese or overweight group and normal or less weight group, respectively. There were significant statistical differences in prevalence of hypertension among the population in urban area and rural area, with different age, education levels, smoking status, drinking status and BMI (P<0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in Guizhou was at a high level. The hypertension prevalence in rural area was higher than that in urban area. Hypertension prevalence increased significantly with age. The prevalence of hypertension was negatively associated with the education level of the people. Older age, living in rural area, smoking, drinking, obesity were the risk factors for hypertension.

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