世界卫生组织和中国在流感大流行应对准备计划方面的发展及现状

李超; 任瑞琦; 周蕾

Abstract

李超,任瑞琦,周蕾.世界卫生组织和中国在流感大流行应对准备计划方面的发展及现状[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2018,39(8):1032-1035

世界卫生组织和中国在流感大流行应对准备计划方面的发展及现状

A review on the preparedness plans on influenza pandemics, by WHO and China: the current status and development

Received:June 06, 2018

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.08.004

KeyWord: 流感大流行应对准备计划世界卫生组织中国

English Key Word: Influenza pandemic Preparedness and response plan World Health Organization China

FundProject:科技部应急防控专项（10600100000015001206）；WHO PIP合作项目—提高流感大流行应对准备能力；中美新发和再发传染病合作项目（2017－2018年度）—流感大流行应对准备计划及能力建设

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Li Chao	Department for Emergence Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Ren Ruiqi	Department for Emergence Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Zhou Lei	Department for Emergence Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China	zhoulei@chinacdc.cn

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Abstract:

历史上流感的每次大流行都给人类带来灾难，其中以1918年"西班牙流感"大流行最为严重。近100年来，随着对流感病毒了解的不断深入，以及检测技术的长足发展和监测手段的逐步丰富，人类面对流感大流行并非如前般无所适从。为努力延缓和降低其危害，人们希望通过不断完善应对准备工作，以期实现早期预警或尽早发现具备大流行潜能的流感病毒，以及在大流行期间，通过实施应对准备计划中相应的防控措施，延缓高峰出现和控制疫情流行，从而达到降低影响的目的。本文回顾了百年来WHO和中国的流感大流行应对准备工作的策略、重点及其随时间的演变与发展进程，以温故而知新，为今后不断完善流感大流行应对准备工作提供参考。

English Abstract:

Every influenza pandemic in history would end up with disastrous outcomes on mankind, of which the most notorious one was the "Spanish flu" pandemic in 1918. In the past century, with advanced knowledge on influenza viruses, laboratory technologies and surveillance methods, human beings were not as helpless when facing the influenza pandemic. In order to control the outbreaks and reducing the negative impacts, programs as:setting up and improving the influenza pandemic preparedness and response plan were recognized as important issues on early detection or prompt warning of any influenza virus strain that might lead to potential pandemics. The scheduled and planned control measures towards the pandemic preparedness and response plan had been considered of key importance in mitigating the peak of pandemic or controlling the transmission of virus. Since the "1918 influenza pandemic", we had reviewed the evolution and development of plans regarding the preparedness and response on influenza pandemic issued by both WHO and China. We also emphasized on the variety of strategies which were linked to the preparedness and response at different historical stages, to provide reference for the pandemic preparedness of the disease, in the future.

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