上海市50岁及以上人群主观幸福感及其影响因素研究

孙双圆; 郭雁飞; 阮晔; 黄哲宙; 郑杨; 施燕; 吴凡

Abstract

孙双圆,郭雁飞,阮晔,黄哲宙,郑杨,施燕,吴凡.上海市50岁及以上人群主观幸福感及其影响因素研究[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2018,39(9):1193-1199

上海市50岁及以上人群主观幸福感及其影响因素研究

Subjective well-being feelings and related factors in people aged 50 years or older in Shanghai: Based on Day Reconstruction Method

Received:November 06, 2017

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.09.010

KeyWord: 主观幸福感日重现法老年人自评健康

English Key Word: Subjective well-being Day Reconstruction Method Elderly Self-rated health

FundProject:美国国立老化研究所资助项目（R01-AG034479）；上海市第四轮公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划（GWⅣ-22）；上海市第四轮公共卫生三年行动计划慢病重点学科项目（15GWZK0801）；上海市卫生和计划生育委员会科研项目（青年项目20154Y0179）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Sun Shuangyuan	Department of Non-communicable Disease and Injury Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
Guo Yanfei	Department of Non-communicable Disease and Injury Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
Ruan Ye	Department of Non-communicable Disease and Injury Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
Huang Zhezhou	Department of Non-communicable Disease and Injury Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
Zheng Yang	Department of Non-communicable Disease and Injury Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
Shi Yan	Department of Non-communicable Disease and Injury Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
Wu Fan	Department of Non-communicable Disease and Injury Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China	wufan@smhb.gov.cn

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Abstract:

目的应用日重现法评估上海市≥50岁中老年人群的主观幸福感水平，并探讨影响幸福感水平的相关因素。方法在2009年10月至2010年6月间，使用多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取上海市5个区≥50岁的中老年人8 872人，采用WHO全球老龄化与成年人健康研究项目制定的调查工具，获取调查对象的社会人口学及健康相关信息、并用日重现法进行幸福感测量，通过净效应值和U指数评估幸福感水平，通过单因素和多元线性回归模型分析幸福感的相关影响因素。结果共纳入研究对象8 075人，其中男性3 759人（46.55%）、女性4 316人（53.45%），年龄（63.1±9.9）岁。上海市≥50岁人群加权后净效应值为1.24（95% CI：1.15～1.33），加权后U指数为1.55%（95% CI：1.10%～1.99%）。单因素线性回归模型显示年龄、文化程度、婚姻状态、财富水平、居住地、自报健康状况、WHODAS得分、患有慢性病与幸福感水平相关；多元线性回归结果显示，WHODAS得分越高，净效应值越低（P<0.05）。结论上海市≥50岁中老年人群的主观幸福感水平较好，可能与年龄、文化程度、婚姻状态、家庭财富水平、居住地、自报健康状况、WHODAS得分等因素有关，加强老年人的社会支持、完善针对老年人的各项保障制度和服务设施，或有助于提升老年人的幸福感。

English Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the subjective well-being feelings of people aged ≥ 50 years in Shanghai by using the Day Reconstruction Method (DRM) and explore the related factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2009 to June 2010 among people aged ≥ 50 years selected through multistage random cluster sampling in Shanghai. DRM was used to assess participants' subjective well-being by net effect and U-index. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to explore the related factors. Results A total of 8 075 participants were included, with average age of 63.1 years. The mean net effect value was 1.24 (95% CI:1.15-1.33), and the mean U-index was 1.55% (95% CI:1.10%-1.99%). After adjusted for demographic factors, univariate liner regression model indicated that age, education level, marital status, family wealth, residence, self-rated health status, WHODAS score and prevalence of chronic disease were associated with subjective well-being, and multivariate liner regression model indicated that higher WHODAS score was associated with lower net effect value (P<0.05). Conclusion The subjective well-being feelings of people aged ≥ 50 years in Shanghai might be associated with age, education level, marital status, family wealth, residence, self-rated health status and WHODAS score. Enhanced social support and appropriate social security system might facilitate the improvement of the subjective well-being of the elderly.

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