| 孟凡顺,谌丁艳,吴宇,苏喆,谢红卫,周丽.深圳市学龄女童膳食模式和性早熟的相关性研究[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2020,41(5):738-742 |
| 深圳市学龄女童膳食模式和性早熟的相关性研究 |
| Study of relationship between dietary patterns and precocious puberty of school-age girls in Shenzhen |
| Received:June 30, 2019 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20190630-00478 |
| KeyWord: 膳食模式 性早熟 学龄儿童 |
| English Key Word: Diet pattern Precocious puberty School-age girls |
| FundProject:国家自然科学基金（8167120953）；深圳市科技计划项目（JCYJ20160428143108182） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Meng Fanshun | School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, China
Shenzhen City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518000, China | | | Chen Dingyan | Shenzhen City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518000, China | | | Wu Yu | Shenzhen City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518000, China | | | Su Zhe | Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China | | | Xie Hongwei | School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421000, China | | | Zhou Li | Shenzhen City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518000, China | alli99@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的 探究女童膳食与性早熟的相关性。方法 采用病例对照研究，于2016年9月至2018年12月选取在深圳市某医院确诊为性早熟患儿为病例，进行1：1的对照匹配，对照来自于深圳市26所小学。采用家长自填问卷的方式进行膳食调查，共调查12种食物的摄入频率，分析膳食模式。采用条件logistic回归分析膳食模式和性早熟的关联。结果 共纳入研究对象568人。其中8岁组年龄人数最多（43.8%）；病例组和对照组年龄的中位数相同，均为8.0岁，民族分布相同，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。病例组的身高、体重和BMI的M分别为135.0 cm、30.2 kg、16.6 kg/m2，均高于对照组的身高（129.2 cm）、体重（25.0 kg）和BMI（15.3 kg/m2），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组在营养评价方面差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；共定义了3种膳食模式：平衡、高热量高脂和高蛋白，3种膳食模式的累计方差贡献率为0.541 2；两组膳食模式比较显示平衡、高热量高脂、高蛋白膳食模式在两组间差异均有统计学意义（χ2=4.41，χ2=49.24，χ2=39.68，P<0.05）；多因素回归分析显示平衡膳食模式（OR=0.633，95% CI：0.504~0.769）及高蛋白膳食模式（OR=0.622，95% CI：0.498~0.776）是性早熟的保护因素，高热量高脂膳食模式是性早熟的危险因素（OR=1.850，95% CI：1.461~2.342）。结论 平衡膳食模式为学龄女童的主要膳食模式，高热量高脂膳食模式是性早熟的危险因素，应教育儿童养成平衡膳食的饮食习惯，同时可提高豆类和鱼类的摄入可有益于正常的生长发育。 |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective To explore the daily dietary behaviors of girls under precocious puberty and provide targeted measures for the prevention of precocious puberty. Methods A case control study was conducted in a hospital in Shenzhen between September 2016 and December 2018. Girls with diagnosed precocious puberty were selected as case group. A 1:1 matching was conducted. The control group was from 26 primary schools in Shenzhen. Dietary survey was conducted in parents, completing a self-administered questionnaire. Frequencies of 12 kinds of food intakes were investigated and dietary patterns were analyzed. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between dietary patterns and precocious puberty. Results A total of 568 girls were included in the study. Among them, those aged 8-year-old accounted for highest proportion (43.8%). The median of age was same in both case group and control group (8 years-old). There was no significant difference in ethnic group between two groups (P>0.05). The medians of height, weight and BMI of case group were 135.0 cm, 30.2 kg and 16.6 kg/m2, respectively, which were all higher than those of the control group (129.2 cm, 25.0 kg and 15.3 kg/m2), the differences were significant (P<0.05). There was significant difference in nutritional assessment result between two groups (P<0.05). Three dietary patterns were defined, i.e. balanced pattern, high calorie and fat pattern and high protein diet pattern. The cumulative rate of variance contribution of the three dietary patterns was 0.541 2. The differences in the prevalence of three dietary patterns between two groups were significant (χ2=4.41, χ2=49.24, χ2=39.68, P<0.05 respectively). Data from the multivariate regression analysis showed that both balanced dietary pattern (OR=0.633, 95%CI:0.504-0.769) and high protein diet pattern (OR=0.622, 95%CI:0.498-0.776) were protective factors for precocious puberty, while high calorie and fat pattern was risk factors (OR=1.850, 95%CI:1.461-2.342). Conclusions Balanced dietary pattern was common in school-aged girls. High calorie and fat pattern was risk factor for precocious puberty. Children should be encouraged to develop a balanced dietary habit and increasing the intake of legumes and fish since they are beneficial to normal growth and development. |
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