| 魏孔福,李慧,张晓曙,李萍,刘新凤,刘海霞,张宏,成瑶,孟蕾.甘肃省新型冠状病毒Delta变异株流行特征分析[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2022,43(6):835-840 |
| 甘肃省新型冠状病毒Delta变异株流行特征分析 |
| Epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV Delta variant in Gansu province |
| Received:February 21, 2022 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220221-00142 |
| KeyWord: 新型冠状病毒 Delta变异株 流行特征 |
| English Key Word: 2019-nCoV Delta variant Epidemiological characteristic |
| FundProject:甘肃省科技厅重点研发计划（20YF2FA002） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Wei Kongfu | Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China | | | Li Hui | Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China | | | Zhang Xiaoshu | Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China | | | Li Ping | Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China | | | Liu Xinfeng | Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China | | | Liu Haixia | Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China | | | Zhang Hong | Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China | | | Cheng Yao | Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China | | | Meng Lei | Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China | ccdcusc101@163.com |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的 分析甘肃省新型冠状病毒（新冠病毒）Delta变异株（B.1.617.2）引起疫情的流行病学特征，为疫情防控工作提供科学依据。方法 收集2021年10月17日至11月25日甘肃省新冠病毒肺炎（COVID-19）确诊病例资料，包括基本信息、流行病学史、发病日期、诊断日期、暴露场所、发现方式、感染来源等。采用Excel 2016、SPSS 22、ArcGIS 10.7软件进行数据整理分析。结果 截至2021年11月25日，甘肃省累计报告COVID-19病例146例，疫情波及5个市10个县（区），流行过程可分为输入病例期、输入-本地病例期和本地病例期3个阶段。年龄分布为1~87岁，其中18~59岁占59.59%（87/146）。男女性别比为1∶1.12（69/77）；职业以商业服务人员（17.12%，25/146）、离退人员（15.75%，23/146）、学生（13.70%，20/146）、家务及待业人员（12.33%，18/146）为主。3个阶段中，18~59岁年龄段病例比例分别为44.44%、54.41%、70.00%，呈上升趋势（趋势χ2=23.24，P<0.001）。3个阶段中，潜伏期有所缩短；重型/危重型病例比例分别占33.33%（6/18）、19.12%（13/68）、3.33%（2/60），呈下降趋势；社区筛查（25.34%，37/146）和密切接触者（密接）排查是发现病例的主要方式，密接排查在3个阶段中所占的比例分别为50.00%（9/18）、66.18%（45/68）和86.67%（52/60）；疫情具有明显的密闭场所聚集性，暴露方式以共同生活（24.66%）、同工/学习（11.64%）、同乘交通工具（9.59%）和共同就餐（9.59%）为主。结论 本次疫情是一起新冠病毒Delta变异株引起、由输入病例引发的本土流行疫情，主要通过旅游、同乘交通工具、聚餐、居家接触等进行传播。疫情流行呈现阶段性变化特征，病例表现临床症状不明显和潜伏期缩短的特点，感染以≥18岁人群为主。 |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 caused by 2019-nCoV Delta variant (B.1.617.2) in Gansu province, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods The information of COVID-19 cases, including demographic characteristics, epidemiological history, onset date, diagnosis date, exposure place, detection way and infection source, in Gansu from 17 October to 25 November, 2021 were collected. Software Excel 2016,SPSS 22 and ArcGIS 10.7 were used for data process and analysis. Results As of November 25, 2021, a total of 146 COVID-19 cases had been reported in Gansu and the epidemic affected 10 counties (districts) in 5 cities. The epidemic of COVID-19 in Gansu had three stages: imported case stage,imported-local case stage and local case stage. The age of cases ranged from 1 to 87 years,and the cases in age group 18-59 years accounted for 59.59% (87/146). The male to female ratio of the cases was 1∶1.12 (69∶77). The cases were mainly people engaged in business services (17.12%, 25/146),retirees (15.75%, 23/146),students (13.70%, 20/146),the jobless and unemployed (12.33%, 18/146). In 3 epidemic stages, the cases aged 18-59 years accounted for 44.44%,54.41% and 70.00% respectively,showing an upward trend,and there were differences among different populations (trend χ2=23.24, P<0.001). Also, the incubation period of the cases tended to decrease, and severe cases accounted for 33.33% (6/18), 19.12% (13/68) and 3.33% (2/60) respectively, showing a downward trend. Community screening (25.34%, 37/146) and close contact screening were the main ways to detect cases,the cases detected by close contact screening in 3 epidemic stages accounted for 50.00% (9/18), 66.18% (45/68) and 86.67% (52/60) respectively. The epidemic had obvious case clustering in confined places,and the main exposure modes were living together (24.66%), working/studying together (11.64%), taking same transportation (9.59%) and dining together (9.59%). Conclusions The COVID-19 epidemic in Gansu was caused by 2019-nCoV Delta variant from imported cases. The virus was mainly transmitted through travel, sharing transportation, dining together and home contact. The characteristics of COVID-19 epidemic in Gansu changed with time, the case's clinical symptoms were not obvious and the incubation period became shorter. The infections mainly occurred in group aged 18 years and above. |
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