1990-2019年中国早产患病率及疾病负担变化趋势研究

林是琦; 闫晓晋; 李佳佳; 裴丽君

Abstract

林是琦,闫晓晋,李佳佳,裴丽君.1990-2019年中国早产患病率及疾病负担变化趋势研究[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2023,44(2):229-234

1990-2019年中国早产患病率及疾病负担变化趋势研究

Prevalence and disease burden of preterm birth in China from 1990 to 2019

Received:April 25, 2022

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220602-00498

KeyWord: 早产患病率伤残调整寿命年趋势

English Key Word: Preterm birth Prevalence Disability adjusted life years Trends

FundProject:国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1004303）；国家自然科学基金（41871360）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Lin Shiqi	Institute of Population Research/China Center on Population Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Yan Xiaojin	Institute of Population Research/China Center on Population Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Li Jiajia	Institute of Population Research/China Center on Population Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Pei Lijun	Institute of Population Research/China Center on Population Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China	peilj@pku.edu.cn

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Abstract:

目的描述1990-2019年中国早产患病率及疾病负担变化趋势。方法数据来源于2019年全球疾病负担数据库，采用早产患病率（%）和伤残调整寿命年（DALYs）率，分性别评估早产的患病和疾病负担分布情况，并将中国、全球及世界银行定义的高收入、中高收入、中低收入和低收入国家的平均早产患病率和DALYs率进行对比。采用Joinpoint对数线性回归模型检验变化趋势。结果 2019年我国早产患病率为6.34%［95%不确定区间（UI）：6.23%~6.44%］，低于全球平均水平（11.24%，95%UI：11.16%~11.32%）及低收入（13.15%，95%UI：12.97%~13.33%）、中低收入（12.53%，95%UI：12.39%~12.68%）、中高收入（8.22%，95%UI：8.15%~8.29%）、高收入（8.75%，95%UI：8.67%~8.84%）国家平均水平；早产DALYs率（人年/10万）为217.12（95%UI：191.30~246.69），低于全球（886.81，95%UI：762.12~1 034.49）、低收入（1 905.24，95%UI：1 542.35~2 377.54）、中低收入（1 349.98，95%UI：1 154.04~1 583.81）和中高收入（366.56，95%UI：321.51~416.88）国家平均水平，但高于高收入国家平均水平（206.21，95%UI：179.96~234.90）。1990-2019年，我国早产患病率及DALYs率均呈下降趋势，平均每年分别下降0.56%（95%CI：0.54%~0.58%）和5.87%（95%CI：5.54%~6.19%）。男性早产儿患病率总体下降速度均高于女性（男性：0.64%，95%CI：0.62%~0.66%；女性：0.46%，95%CI：0.44%~0.48%），男性早产儿DALYs率下降速度均高于女性（男性：5.90%，95%CI：5.56%~6.24%；女性：5.81%，95%CI：5.50%~6.13%）。结论 1990-2019年我国早产患病率及DALYs率均整体呈现下降趋势，男性早产儿患病率及DALYs率下降速度高于女性。应继续加强对早产，尤其是自发性早产危险因素的病因研究，制定全面、完善的早产监测、预防和保健制度。

English Abstract:

Objective To depict the long-term trends of prevalence and disease burden of preterm birth from 1990 to 2019. Methods Data was from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. The prevalence rate (%) and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) rate of preterm birth were adopted and were further stratified by sex. China's prevalence rate and DALYs rate were compared with those of high-income, middle and high-income, middle and low-income, and low-income countries, defined by the World Bank. Joinpoint log-linear regression model was used to analyze the trend. Results In 2019, the prevalence of preterm birth in China was 6.34%[95% uncertainty interval (UI):6.23%-6.44%], lower than the global average level (11.24%,95%UI:11.16%-11.32%) or the average level of low-income (13.15%, 95%UI:12.97%-13.33%), lower-middle income (12.53%, 95%UI:12.39%-12.68%), upper-middle income (8.22%, 95%UI:8.15%-8.29%) and high-income (8.75%, 95%UI:8.67%-8.84%) countries. The DALYs rate (person-year/100 000) of preterm birth in China was 217.12 (95%UI:191.30-246.69), lower than the average level of the world (886.81, 95%UI:762.12-1 034.49), low-income (1 905.24, 95%UI:1 542.35-2 377.54), lower-middle-income (1 349.98, 95%UI:1 154.04-1 583.81) and upper-middle-income (366.56, 95%UI:321.51-416.88) countries, but higher than the average level of high-income countries (206.21,95%UI:179.96-234.90). From 1990 to 2019, the prevalence and DALYs rate of preterm birth in China showed a downward trend, with an average annual decline of 0.56% (95%CI:0.54%-0.58%) and 5.87% (95%CI:5.54%-6.19%), respectively. In general, the prevalence rate of preterm birth in men declined faster than that in women (men:0.64%, 95%CI:0.62%-0.66%; women:0.46%, 95%CI:0.44%-0.48%), so as the DALYs rate (men:5.90%, 95%CI:5.56%-6.24%; women:5.81%,95%CI:5.50%-6.13%). Conclusions From 1990 to 2019, the prevalence and DALYs rate of preterm birth in China showed an overall downward trend, and the decline rate was higher in men than in women. The etiological research on the risk factors of preterm birth, especially spontaneous preterm birth, should be further pursued, and a more comprehensive and precise monitoring, prevention, and health care system for preterm birth needs to be formulated.

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