| 蔡珊,陈子玥,张依航,张奕,蒋家诺,刘云飞,党佳佳,钟盼亮,师嫡,董彦会,胡佩瑾,朱广荣,马军,宋逸.中国13~18岁儿童青少年体质水平及其与心理困扰的关联研究[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2023,44(10):1552-1557 |
| 中国13~18岁儿童青少年体质水平及其与心理困扰的关联研究 |
| Research on the association between the status of physical fitness and psychological distress among Chinese children and adolescents aged 13-18 years |
| Received:April 08, 2023 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230408-00222 |
| KeyWord: 体质 心理困扰 儿童 青少年 |
| English Key Word: Physical fitness Psychological distress Children Adolescents |
| FundProject:北京市教育科学“十四五”规划重点课题（BBAA22027） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Cai Shan | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Chen Ziyue | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Zhang Yihang | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Zhang Yi | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Jiang Jianuo | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Liu Yunfei | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Dang Jiajia | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Zhong Panliang | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Shi Di | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Dong Yanhui | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Hu Peijin | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Zhu Guangrong | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Ma Jun | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | | | Song Yi | Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China | songyi@bjmu.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| 目的 描述2019年中国13~18岁儿童青少年的体质水平，并且分析其与心理困扰之间的关联。方法 使用2019年全国学生体质与健康调研数据，研究对象为90 633名13~18岁汉族儿童青少年。按照《国家学生体质健康标准》（2014年修订）对测量的体质指标进行评价。根据凯斯勒心理困扰量表的得分对心理困扰程度进行判定：≤19、20~、25~、≥30分别表示无、轻度、中度、重度心理困扰，中度和重度心理困扰合称高心理困扰。使用χ2检验比较性别差异，采用Cochran-Armitage检验分析趋势，建立混合效应模型中的无序多分类logistic回归模型分析体质水平与心理困扰程度的关联。结果 2019年中国13~18岁儿童青少年体质不及格率为17.2%；优良率为18.2%，男生体质优良率（15.9%）低于女生（20.5%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。体质优良率随年龄的增加呈降低的趋势（趋势检验P<0.05）。2019年中国13~18岁儿童青少年高心理困扰率为39.3%，男生高心理困扰率（37.0%）低于女生（41.6%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），且均随体质等级的提升呈逐渐下降的趋势（趋势检验P<0.05）。无序多分类logistic回归模型显示，体质优良儿童青少年的中度（OR=0.83，95%CI：0.79~0.88，P<0.001）和重度（OR=0.81，95%CI：0.77~0.86，P<0.001）心理困扰率均更低。结论 2019年中国13~18岁儿童青少年体质水平和心理困扰的现状不容乐观，且儿童青少年体质水平和心理困扰程度呈明显的负相关。 |
| English Abstract: |
| Objective To describe the status of physical fitness of children and adolescents aged 13-18 years in China in 2019 and analyze its association with psychological distress.Methods Data were drawn from the 2019 Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health, and 90 633 Han children and adolescents aged 13-18 years were included. Physical fitness was evaluated by "National Students Constitutional Health Standards" (2014 revised edition). Psychological distress was classified according to the scores of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale: ≤19, 20-24, 25-29, and ≥30 scores indicated no, mild, moderate, and severe psychological distress, respectively, with moderate and severe psychological distress collectively referred to as high psychological distress. The χ2 test was used to compare the distribution differences between boys and girls, the Cochran-Armitage test was used to analyze the trend, and the multinomial logistic regression in the mixed effect model was established to analyze the association between physical fitness and psychological distress. Results In 2019, the unqualified rate of physical fitness among children and adolescents aged 13-18 years in China was 17.2%, and the prevalence of excellent and good physical fitness was 18.2%, which was lower among boys (15.9%) than girls (20.5%) with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The excellent and good physical fitness rate showed a significantly decreasing trend with age (trend test P<0.05). The rate of high psychological distress among children and adolescents aged 13-18 years in China in 2019 was 39.3%, with boys (37.0%) having a lower prevalence than girls (41.6%), supported by a statistically significant difference (P<0.05), and a decreasing trend with the degree of physical fitness was observed both in boys and girls (trend test P<0.05). The multinomial logistic regression model showed that the prevalence of moderate (OR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.79-0.88, P<0.001) and severe (OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.77-0.86, P<0.001) psychological distress were both lower in children and adolescents with excellent and good physical fitness.Conclusion The status of physical fitness and psychological distress of Chinese children and adolescents aged 13-18 in 2019 was not optimistic, with physical fitness showing a significantly negative association with psychological distress. |
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