中国3~17岁儿童身高、体重和体质指数分布特征

曹薇; 徐培培; 杨媞媞; 庞学红; 杨振宇; 王玉英; 徐韬; 陈博文; 赵文华; 张倩; 何宇纳

Abstract

曹薇,徐培培,杨媞媞,庞学红,杨振宇,王玉英,徐韬,陈博文,赵文华,张倩,何宇纳.中国3~17岁儿童身高、体重和体质指数分布特征[J].Chinese journal of Epidemiology,2024,45(11):1487-1493

中国3~17岁儿童身高、体重和体质指数分布特征

Characteristics of body height, body weight and body mass index distributions in children aged 3-17 years in China

Received:May 13, 2024

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240513-00268

KeyWord: 身高体重体质指数儿童

English Key Word: Body height Body weight Body mass index Children

FundProject:科技基础资源调查专项（2017FY101100）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Cao Wei	National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China/Key Laboratory of Human Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Xu Peipei	National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China/Key Laboratory of Human Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Yang Titi	National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China/Key Laboratory of Human Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Pang Xuehong	National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China/Key Laboratory of Human Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Yang Zhenyu	National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China/Key Laboratory of Human Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Wang Yuying	National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China/Key Laboratory of Human Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Xu Tao	National Center for Women and Children's Health, National Health Commission, Beijing 100081, China
Chen Bowen	Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
Zhao Wenhua	National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China/Key Laboratory of Human Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
Zhang Qian	National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China/Key Laboratory of Human Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China	zhangqian@ninh.chinacdc.cn
He Yuna	National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China/Key Laboratory of Human Milk Science, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China

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Abstract:

目的探讨我国3~17岁儿童身高、体重和体质指数（BMI）的分布特点。方法数据来源于中国0~18岁儿童营养与健康系统调查与应用项目，采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法，抽取了中国7个地区、14个省（自治区、直辖市）、城市和农村28个调查点的3~17岁儿童，最终纳入分析的研究对象70 853人。采用M（Q₁，Q₃）描述7个地区、不同年龄和性别3~17岁儿童身高、体重、BMI的情况。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较同年龄组不同性别儿童身高、体重、BMI的差异。采用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验比较同性别不同年龄组、同性别同年龄不同地区身高、体重、BMI的差异；并采用DSCF法进一步进行两两比较。结果本研究中男童17岁身高、体重中位数分别为172.0 cm和62.9 kg，女童17岁身高、体重中位数分别为160.0 cm和53.7 kg。东北和华北地区儿童身高、体重、BMI的中位数在大部分年龄段均高于华南地区，且差异基本持续到17岁。东北、华北与华南地区儿童体重、BMI在Q₃组差异大于Q₁组。结论我国3~17岁儿童的身高持续增长，仍有一定的发展潜力。东北和华北地区大体重人数多，且体重增幅大，需要重点关注。

English Abstract:

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of body height, body weight and body mass index (BMI) in children aged 3-17 years in China. Methods Data were obtained from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey in 0-18 years old children in China. The study selected 70 853 children aged 3-17 years from 28 urban and rural survey sites in 14 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in 7 regions of China with multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. M (Q₁, Q₃) was used to describe the region, age and gender specific body height, body weight and BMI in the children aged 3-17 years. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the body height, body weight, and BMI between boys and girls in same age group. Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test was used to compare the body height, body weight and BMI among boys in different age groups and among girls in different age groups, as well as among boys in same age group and among girls in same age group from different regions, and DSCF method was used for further pairwise comparisons. Results In this study, the median body height and body weight were 172.0 cm and 62.9 kg in 17-year-old boys and 160.0 cm and 53.7 kg in 17-year-old girls. The median for children's body height, body weight, and BMI in most age groups were higher in northeastern and northern China than in southern China, and the differences could be observed until age 17 years. The differences in body weight and BMI in children in northeastern and northern China were greater in Q₃ than in Q₁ compared with southern China. Conclusions The body height of children aged 3-17 years continues to increase in China. Northeastern and northern China have more children with higher bodyweight, showing an obvious body weight increase trend, to which close attention needs to be paid.

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